Vegetable Cultivar Descriptions for North America

Lettuce (M-Z), Lists 1-26 Combined

Edited by Edward J. Ryder and James D. McCreight

U.S. Agricultural Research Station
1636 East Alisal Street
Salinas, CA 93905

Major Cos - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Genecorp. Characteristics: 77 days to maturity, head heavy, upright, dark green, lightly blistered leaves, early, slow bolting, heavy, compact heads with wide, well colored leaves. 1991.

Manavert - Breeder and vendor: Enza Zaden. Adaptation: North America. 1997.

Marin (BOS 9041) - Vendor: Orsetti Seed Co. Characteristics: a somewhat larger Two Star type green leaf with improved color; leaves are wavy, frilled, have heavy weight, and thick texture; excellent pliability is beneficial to retaining head integrity during packing and shipping. Similar: Two Star. Adaptation: U.S. PVP pending. 2001.

Marksman - Breeder and vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame, dark green color. Resistance: downy mildew pathotypes 1, 2, 3, 4. Similar: El Toro. 1993.

Marquis - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: cos type, thick, dark green blistered leaves, good flavor. Resistance: lettuce mosaic virus, Bidens mottle virus, corky root rot, tipburn, thermodormancy. Similar: Parris Island Cos. 1991.

Meadow - Breeder and vendor: Enza Zaden.

Merit - Breeder: USDA, Beltsville, Md. Parentage: Slobolt x complex hybrid selection. Similar: Great Lakes. Characteristics: slow bolting and excellent butt conformation. Resistance: big vein. Adaptation: Great Lakes area. 1958.

Merit 88 - Breeder: USDA. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, medium leaf thickness, dark green leaves, ribs similar to Merit, black seed. Resistance: pink rib, tipburn, bolting, big vein. Resistance: tolerance to heat, frost. Similar: Merit.

Meritmore - Breeder: Orsetti. Vendor: Orsetti. Characteristics: crisphead type, medium to large frame, head and butt, green leaves, tan seed. Resistance: bolting, tipburn, downy mildew California pathovar 1, big vein; tolerance to heat, frost. Similar: Merit. 1994.

Mesaverde (no. 3285) - Breeder and vendor: Keystone Seed Co. Parentage: Mesa 659 x Calmar BC5-S2. Characteristics: open pollinated. Resistance: downy mildew (race 5). Similar: Mesa 659. Adaptation: western United States. 1977.

Midas - Breeder: USDA, Beltsville, Md. Parentage: Slobolt x Unrivaled. Similar: White Boston. Adaptation: wide. 1954.

Midget Cos - Breeder: Pieters Wheeler, Gilroy, Calif. Characteristics: very early dwarf Cos type, processing cabbage type leaf quality; very sweet. 1965.

Militia (SSC 1349) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: medium wine-red oak leaf lettuce; it produces moderately broad, multi-lobed leaves with a wavy apperance and smooth leaf margins; smooth, pliable texture. Resistance: downy mildew (pathotypes I, IIA, IIB, III, IV, V). Similar: Armada. Adaptation: U.S. lettuce growing regions. 2004.

Minetto (23IV-9) - Breeder: Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N.Y. Characteristics: small growing, slow bolting summer cultivar that will pack 24 to the carton if grown on good muck. Veg. Crops Mimeo. VC-122 June, 1964.

Mini-Green - Breeder: W. Waycott and E.J. Ryder. Vendor: USDA Res. Sta., Salinas, CA. Characteristics: iceberg type, heads size of a baseball, dark green color with solid heads, interior color is creamy yellow, takes heat well.

Mirage - Breeder and vendor: Quali-Sel, Inc. Characteristics: F2 hybrid; exceptional bolt tolerance, uniformity for heading and ability to make heads in hot weather. Resistance: excellent tolerance to tipburn. Similar: Oswego. Adaptation: early fall planting in Arizona and California. 1979.

Mission - Breeder and vendor: Quali-Sel, Inc. Characteristics: open pollinated; short core length, frilly leaf margins, and solid heads. Resistance: none claimed. Similar: Great Lakes Mesa 659. Adaptation: Colorado and southern Salinas Valley. PVP Certificate No. 7900084. 1979.

Misty Day - Breeder: E.J. Ryder and W. Waycott. Vendor: USDA, ARS; Salinas, California. Characteristics: crisphead type, dull, dark green outer leaves slightly more pale than Salinas, green color extends close to the core, leaf margins mildly undulate, moderately dentate, strongly ruffled, texture soft, surface crinkled or blistered, outer leaves broader than long, interior creamy yellow, heads firm to hard, flat ribs and butt, black seed. Resistance: corky root; susceptible to bolting induced by high temperature, lettuce mosaic virus, big vein. 1991.

Mohawk (PS 6386 MI) - Breeder: Doug Sousa. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Petoseed. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: Vanguard type crisphead, early maturity, sure heading, large head, large wrap, dark green color, bolt tolerant, plant late September to early October. Similar: Vanguard. Adaptation: desert southwest U.S. 1998.

Mojave - Breeder and vendor: Harris Moran. Characteristics: crisphead type, very large frame, highly uniform, slow bolting, very dark dull green leaves. Resistance: lettuce mosaic virus, downy mildew pathotype 3. Similar: var. Vanguard.

Monolith (SSC 30375) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Resistance: big vein, downy mildew (races 3, 5). Similar: Winterhaven. Adaptation: during winter in the desert Southwest. 2001.

Montello - Breeder: L. Sequeira. Vendor: Univ. Wisconsin. Characteristics: 75 days to maturity, large, dark green heads, highly tolerant to corky root, heat, and splitting; vigorous, widely adapted. 1978.

Montemar (E 9201) - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Co., Inc. Characteristics: earlier with uniform slightly smaller frame and larger grayer-green head than Calmar. Similar: Calmar. 1971.

Monterey (67-345-4-6, 10, 13, 17) - Breeder: USDA, Salinas, Calif. Parentage: USDA No. 8830 x Calmar F6. Characteristics: early, uniform, crisphead type for mid and late summer. Similar: Calmar. Resistance: downy mildew; tolerance to tipburn. Adaptation: central Coast valleys of California. 1973.

Mor 109 - Breeder: Select Seed of California. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, thick dark green leaves, black seed. Resistance: pink rib, tipburn, bolting, downy mildew California pathovar 3; tolerance to heat, frost. Similar: Vanguard. 1985.

Morangold (XP3) - Breeder and vendor: Moran Seeds. Parentage: selection from Cal K-60. Characteristics: open pollinated; most concentrated of Calmar types, few days earlier with better color, head cover, higher yields than other Calmar types. Resistance: tipburn and downy mildew. Similar: Cal K-60. Adaptation: all seasons in California coastal valleys, fall plantings in desert areas. PVP Certificate No. 7600039. 1976.

Moranguard - Breeder and vendor: Moran Seeds. Parentage: single-plant selection from Vanguard. Characteristics: open pollinated; large heads, dark dull green color, slower bolting than Vanguard. Similar: Vanguard. Adaptation: desert and inland valleys for fall planting. 1969.

Mossberg (SSC 30387) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Resistance: big vein. Similar: Pam's Island Cos. Adaptation: all major lettuce growing regions. 2000.

Mt. Signal - Breeder: Brinker-Orsetti. Vendor: Brinker. Characteristics: crisphead type, large size, minimal cover. Similar: Vanmax. 1990.

Murietta - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: crisphead type, attractive shape and butt appearance, excellent processed color and texture. Resistance: tipburn, downy mildew pathotype 3. Similar: Vanguard.

Mustang - Breeder and vendor: Coastal. Characteristics: crisphead type, medium to large frame and head, smooth ribs, black seed. Resistance: downy mildew California pathovars 1, 2A, 3; big vein. 1994.

Nancy - Vendor: Seedway, Inc. Characteristics: 65 days to maturity, medium head, compact, good weight, smooth, rounded leaves, medium green color, excellent quality and texture and clean underside.

Navigator (G x 615) - Breeder: Jodi Grossen. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Genecorp. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: Vanguard type, dark green, good head formation. Similar: Annie. Adaptation: late fall, southwest U.S. 1998.

Nevada - Vendor: Vilmorin. Characteristics: broad shiny leaves, crunchy texture, bright medium green. Resistance: mildew R11, lettuce mosaic virus. Similar: Salvina, Masaida. 1991.

New Dominion - Breeder: Quali-Sel. Vendor: Synergene. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, thick dull dark green and crisp leaves, large butt, mid-winter harvest in desert southwest United States, dark brown seed. Resistance: bolting, tipburn; tolerance to frost. Similar: Vanguard. 1993.

New Red Fire - Characteristics: 48 days to maturity, medium to large, dark red heads, red tinge, leaves ruffled with waxy margins, red loose leaf with full center, uniform head holds color well and slow bolting.

New York PW55 - Breeder and vendor: Pieters-Wheeler Seed Co., Gilroy, Calif. Parentage: continued selection since 1927 out of New York. Similar: small New York type. Characteristics: medium, early whirl type coverage. Resistance: tipburn. Adaptation: northeast, midwest, and northwest. 1942.

Nile (LM 2641) - Breeder: Leen de Mos Vegetable Seeds. Vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: green butter lettuce; 45-55 day maturity; medium head size; medium green color; smooth thick leaves; good shelf life. Resistance: downy mildew. Similar: Boston Bibb. Adaptation: can be cultivated in U.S. if sown in proper season.

Niner - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: crisphead type, good heading ability, good dark green color, late Empire and early Merit slot in the desert southwest United States, and Empire slot in the San Joaquin Valley, California. Similar: Merit. 1994.

No. 456 (Cornell 456, Imperial 456) - Breeder: Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N.Y., and Hort. Field Station, USDA, La Jolla, Calif. Parentage: Imp. 152 x Brittle Ice, backcrossed to Imp. 152, selected for eight generations. Characteristics: medium to small size, globular, exposed heads, frame leaves with glossy green color. Resistance: brown blight; some resistance to tipburn. Similar: Great Lakes. Adaptation: muck soils of New York, and adjacent states. USDA Circ. 881. 1951.

No. 660 - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co., El Centro, Calif. Parentage: selection from Great Lakes. Characteristics: very uniform, large head size, dark green foliage, good germination of seeds under warm climatic conditions. Similar: Great Lakes. 1957.

North Pole - Vendor: Cook's Garden. Characteristics: pale green, very cold hardy, adapted for overwintering under cover; ideal size at onset of winter is 4 to 6 inches across. Similar: Arctic King.

Oasis (XP 705) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Characteristics: crisphead of Mesa 659 type. Resistance: tolerance to tipburn. Adaptation: Arizona, California, and the eastern United States. 1972.

Optima - Breeder and vendor: Vilmorin, S.A. Characteristics: 52 days to maturity, dark green Nancy type, thick leaves, larger and heavier. Resistant: tipburn and bottom rot. 1995.

Oroverde Great Lakes - Breeder: Waldo Rohnert Co., Gilroy, Calf. Vendor: Aggler and Musser Seed Co. Parentage: single-plant selection Regular Great Lakes. Characteristics: holds dark green color through maturity, sweeter taste than regular Great Lakes. Similar: Great Lakes. Adaptation: western lettuce areas. 1954.

Oswego (76-4) - Breeder: Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N.Y. Characteristics: slower seedstalk development than 456. Similar: Cornell 456. Veg. Crops Mimeo VC-122 June, 1964.

Outback (144 725) - Breeder: Tom McBride. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Asgrow. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: taller Romaine that carries weight well; color and texture of leaf is very similar to current market standards. Resistance: CRR. Similar: Green Towers. Adaptation: coastal California and desert southwest U.S. 1999.

Pace Setter (SSC 30415) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Characteristics: iceberg type with excellent uniformity; produces large, firm heads, rounded shape, smooth, flat butts; medium green heads; slightly blistered, crisp leaves; adapted for summer harvest; high tipburn tolerance. Similar: Salinas. Adaptation: California coastal area. 2001.

Pacific - Breeder: E.J. Ryder and Bert J. Robinson. Vendor: USDA, ARS; Salinas, California. Characteristics: crisphead type, dull, medium-dark green leaves, leaf margins similar to Salinas, interior creamy yellow, heads firm to hard at maturity and rounded, well-covered, occasionally spiraled, butt is flat with broad-based overlapping leaves and large core, ribs less flat than Salinas, black seed. Resistance: big vein, downy mildew pathotype 1; susceptible to downy mildew pathotypes 2 and 3, lettuce mosaic and rib discoloration associated with high temperatures. Similar: Salinas. 1981.

Pacific Lakes - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Co., Mountain View, Calif. Parentage: selection from Reg. Great Lakes. Characteristics: earliness; firm large heads. Resistance: tipburn. Similar: Great Lakes. Adaptation: general use. 1954.

Paleto - Breeder and vendor: Nunhems. Characteristics: dark green, well closed base. Resistance: bolting. 1992.

Palmaro - Breeder and vendor: Nunhems. Characteristics: autumn and winter production. Resistance: mildew, tolerant to lettuce mosaic virus. 1992.

Palmetto - Breeder: Select Seed of California. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, thick dark green leaves, black seed. Resistance: pink rib, bolting, tipburn, downy mildew California pathovar 3; tolerance to heat, frost. Similar: Vanguard. 1985.

Panther (GX 814) - Breeder: Jodi Grassen. Vendor: Seminis-Genecorp. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: Romaine with medium to dark green colored leaves, smooth leaf surface, tall plant, short core. Resistance: corky root. Similar: Green Towers. Adaptation: west coast and southwestern U.S. 1999.

Paradise - Breeder and vendor: Sakata. Characteristics: crisphead type. Similar: Salinas 88. 1994.

Parris Island COS - Breeder: Clemson College Truck Expt. Sta., Charleston, S.C. Vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Co. Parentage: PI 120965 x Dark Green. Characteristics: tall, dark green. Resistance: mosaic. Similar: Dark Green COS. Southern Seedsman. 1951.

Parthenon (SSC 1315) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: very uniform and sure heading cultivar similar in production to Winterhaven; plant frame is large and offers good frost protection; produces large, heavy heads with a slightly savoyed leaf texture; heads have a nice, smooth shape and good color. Resistance: big vein. Similar: Colossus. Adaptation: desert Southwest (USA) and winter production. 2004.

Passport (174261) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: dark green mini sized romaine for open field cultivation; suitable for autumn, winter and spring production; good tipburn tolerance. Similar: Pinokkio. Adaptation: NAFTA. 2004.

Patriot - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: crisphead type, medium size for summer harvest in coastal California, medium dark green, frame larger than Warrior. Resistance: downy mildew pathotypes 1, 2, 3. Similar: Salinas, Warrior. 1991.

Pennlake - Breeder: Pennsylvania Agr. Expt. Sta., State College, and Pieters-Wheeler Seed Co., Gilroy, Calif. Vendor: Pieters-Wheeler Seed Co. Parentage: Great Lakes x Imperial 847. Characteristics: uniformity of heading, solidity, earliness. Resistance: some to tipburn, tolerant to heat. Similar: Great Lakes. Adaptation: eastern United States. Pa. Bul. 502, Suppl. 2. 1949.

Phoenix - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co., El Centro, Calif. Parentage: selection from Great Lakes. Characteristics: good head formation, dark green foliage, very smooth base, large head. Similar: Great Lakes. 1957.

Pinecrest (29709) - Breeder and vendor: Enza Zaden. Parentage: open pollinated. Adaptation: North America.

Plato - Breeder and vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: cos type, medium green head, savoyed leaves, crisp, upright, impeccable quality. Resistance: bolting, lettuce mosaic virus, tipburn. 1989.

Pliant - Breeder and vendor: Orsetti Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated.

Premier Great Lakes - Breeder: Pennsylvania Agr. Expt. Sta., State College, and the Pieters-Wheeler Seed Co., Gilroy, Calif. Vendor: Pieters-Wheeler Seed Co. Parentage: line selection of Great Lakes. Characteristics: large, solid, head 10 days earlier than standard Great Lakes, uniform in heading. Resistance: tipburn, similar to that of Great Lakes. Similar: Great Lakes. Adaptation: eastern United States. Pa. Bul. 502, Suppl. 2. 1949.

Presidio - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: cos type, dark green blistered leaves, plant upright and compact with open heart, thick leaves. Resistance: corky root rot, lettuce mosaic virus, Bidens mottle virus, bolting. Similar: Parris Island. Adaptation: most lettuce growing areas. 1991.

Primaverde Great Lakes - Breeder and vendor: Waldo Rohnert Co., Gilroy, Calif. Parentage: Great Lakes. Characteristics: tolerant to tipburn, does not get large and puffy under high temperatures. Similar: Great Lakes. Adaptation: early fall and late spring desert areas and eastern areas. 1957.

Prime Time - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, thick dark green leaves, large butt, medium ribs, black seed. Resistance: pink rib, tipburn, bolting, tolerance to frost. Similar: Vanguard. 1993.

Prizeleaf - Vendor: Burpee. Characteristics: leaf type.

Progress - Breeder: New Jersey Agr. Expt. Sta., New Brunswick, and Bureau of Plant Industry Station, USDA, Beltsville, Md. Parentage: selection from cross of Imperial 44 with an unnamed hybrid. Characteristics: white seed, early, dark green, thick leaved, heavily savoyed, crisphead lettuce of good flavor and high quality. Resistance: tipburn. Adaptation: general. Southern Seedsman Reprint.

Pybas No. 251 M.T. - Breeder and vendor: Pybas Vegetable. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, medium leaf thickness, medium to dark green color, medium to large butt, slightly ribby, black seed. Resistance: bolting, pink rib, tipburn, big vein, downy mildew California pathovar 3; tolerance to heat and frost. Similar: Vanguard. 1992.

Quechan - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: crisphead type; 60-65 day maturity; produces large, medium green heads; large frame, heads larger than Empire, smooth ribs; uniform plant type and tolerance to tipburn and bolting. Resistance: bolting, pink rib, tipburn; tolerance to heat and frost. Similar: Acacia, Empire. Adaptation: Arizona, California. 1996.

Ramona - Breeder: University California, Davis Vendor: USDA, and University California, Davis. Characteristics: crisphead type, firm, butt appearance good, seedstalk low, white seed. Resistance: tipburn symptoms vary between none, less than a trace. 1978.

Ramses (LM 9615) - Breeder: Leen de Mos Vegetable Seeds. Vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: green butter lettuce; 50-65 day maturity; produces medium heads, leaves are thick, medium green in color and smooth. Resistance: downy mildew; tipburn. Similar: Boston Bibb. Adaptation: can be cultivated in U.S. if sown in proper season.

Rave - Breeder and vendor: Johnny's Selected Seeds. Parentage: open pollinated. 2000.

Red Bull (PS 06515636) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds.  Parentage: open pollinated.  Characteristics: very large looseleaf type; dark red with smooth leaf margin and smooth leaf surface; wide adaptation; tip burn and bolting resistant.  Similar: Red Chalte, New Red.  Adaptation: NAFTA, southwest coastal U.S.  PVP application #200500042.  2005.

Red Butterworth (169398) - Breeder: Jim Waltrip. Vendor: Seminis-Petoseed. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: suitable for spring, summer, and autumn harvest, resists bolting when stressed, heads are heavy, firm, green color, leaves are blistered. Adaptation: wholesale and home garden. 2000.

Red Coach 74 - Breeder and vendor: Quali-Sel, Inc. Characteristics: open pollinated; large frame and head size. Resistance: none claimed. Similar: Vanguard. Adaptation: midwinter and early spring harvest for Arizona and California. PVP Certificate No. 7400010. 1979.

Red Coach 74A - Breeder and vendor: Quali-Sel, Inc. Characteristics: open pollinated; bright green frame and wrapper leaves. Resistance: none claimed. Similar: Vanguard. Adaptation: late fall plantings for Arizona and California. PVP Certificate No. 7400024. 1979.

Red Dawn - Breeder: Leen de Mos Vegetable Seeds. Vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: red oakleaf lettuce; 45-65 day maturity; medium to large heads; red leaf color; excellent shelf life. Resistance: downy mildew. Similar: Red Salad Bowl. Adaptation: can be cultivated in U.S. if sown in proper season.

Red Embers - Vendor: Brinker. Characteristics: cos type, deep red color. Resistance: bolting. Similar: Deep Red. 1988.

Red Gem (LM 4965) - Breeder: Leen de Mos Vegetable Seeds. Vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: red Lolla Rossa lettuce; 45-65 day maturity; medium sized heads; deep red color; very frilled leaves; synonym is Impuls. Similar: Lolla Rossa. Adaptation: can be cultivated in U.S. if sown in proper season. 1997.

Red Great Lakes - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co., El Centro, Calif. Parentage: Great Lakes. Characteristics: outer leaves turn red, firm head, good quality. Similar: Great Lakes. Adaptation: southwest U.S. 1959.

Red Green - Breeder: Leen de Mos Vegetable Seeds. Vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: red Lolla Rossa lettuce; 45-65 day maturity; medium sized heads; deep red color; very frilled leaves. Similar: Lollo Rossa. Adaptation: can be cultivated in U.S. if sown in proper season. 1997.

Red Grenoble - Breeder: Vilmorin. Vendor: Cook's Garden. Characteristics: shiny, wine red leaves, vigorous grower, resistant to adverse conditions, can be cut young or left to head up; Batavia type. 1932.

Red Romaine (COS) - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co., El Centro, Calif. Parentage: selection out of an introduction from Africa. Characteristics: very tender, sun red, outer leaves. 1950.

Red Rustler - Breeder: Leen de Mos Vegetable Seeds. Vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: red loose-leaf lettuce, 45-65 day maturity, medium large heads; deep red leaf color; very frilled leaves. Similar: New Red Fire. Adaptation: can be cultivated in U.S. if sown in proper season.

Red Sails - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Petoseed. Characteristics: 45 days to maturity, fast growing, heat-tolerant and slow to bolt, open heads up to a foot across, deepens in color as they mature, bronze-red leaves, holds color and sweetness in hot weather. 1986.

Red Salad Bowl - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co., El Centro, Calif. Parentage: out of Saladbowl. Similar: Saladbowl, but red color. Adaptation: U.S.

Red Salad Trim (COS) - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co., El Centro, Calif. Parentage: out of Red Romaine. Characteristics: very sow to bolt, very sweet, dark red, can be used for ornamental plant, also good to eat. Adaptation: United States.

Red Sceptre - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: leaf type, bright red tinge to outer leaf area. Resistance: bolting. Similar: Prizehead. 1987.

Red Velvet - Breeder: Leen de Mos Vegetable Seeds. Vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: red butter lettuce; 45-65 day maturity; medium heads; deep red outer leaf color; blistered leaf texture; yellow green inner leaves. Similar: Merveille de 4 Saisons, Salinas. Adaptation: can be cultivated in U.S. if sown in proper season. 1997.

Red Vogue - Breeder and vendor: Sakata. Characteristics: butterhead type, red. Similar: Butter Red Leaf. 1990.

Redhead (XP 438) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated; leaf lettuce with very intense uniform red color on the outer half of leaf. Resistance: good level of heat tolerance. Similar: Prizehead and Ruby. PVP Certificate No. 9000095. 1981.

Redina - Breeder and vendor: Enza Zaden. Characteristics: reddest cultivar of Grand Rapids type, color is intense candy red, green butt, pliable, non-brittle ribs, slow to tipburn; red leaf. 1995.

Redleaf (XP 438) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated; red color is more intense and less dispersed compared to Prizehead with some red color extending into the surface layers of the petioles and stems. Resistance: none claimed. Similar: Prizehead. Adaptation: wide. PVP application pending. 1980.

Redondo - Breeder and vendor: Synergene. Characteristics: crisphead type, moderate, large frame and head, excellent size and texture for wrap or bulk harvest, thick crisp dark glossy green wide wrapper leaves, smooth ribs, small core, white seed. Resistance: bolting, tipburn; tolerance to heat. Similar: Vanguard-Empire. 1992.

Regiment (SSC 30391) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Resistance: downy mildew. Similar: Lollo Rossa. Adaptation: all lettuce production regions. 1999.

Reine des Glaces - Breeder: Vilmorin. Vendor: Cook's Garden. Characteristics: deeply notched leaves and a convoluted head of frosty green; best results from spring plantings; Batavia type. 1883.

Remington (SSC 30474) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Similar: Pam's Island Cos. Adaptation: all major lettuce growing regions. 2001.

Rhapsody (SSC 30390) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Resistance: downy mildew. Similar: Baja. Adaptation: California, Arizona, and other butter lettuce production regions.

Rico - Breeder and vendor: Synergene. Characteristics: crisphead type, large to very large frame, large head, thick crisp dark green leaves, medium large butt, smooth ribs, white seed, early plantings, excess fertilizer and water may promote extra large, wild, poorly headed plants, holds well under very cold, wet conditions and repeated frosts. Resistance: bolting, downy mildew California pathovar 1, frost; tolerance to heat. 1989.

Ridgemark II (GX 607) - Breeder: Debbie Mitchell. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Genecorp. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: grayish green color, good bolting tolerance, flat butt, smooth petioles. Similar: Raider. Adaptation: coastal areas of California. 1997.

Rio Verde - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock. Characteristics: crisphead type, medium to large frame and head, leaf color darker than Empire, smooth ribs and butt. 1995.

Rita - Breeder: University California, Davis. Vendor: USDA, and University California, Davis. Characteristics: crisphead type, medium green, leaf margins of wrapper leaves have a smooth cabbage-like appearance, head size is 24, solid, good butt, smooth, large cores, low seedstalk. Resistance: possibly tipburn, probably contains PI 91532, downy mildew resistant Lactuca serriola introduction from Russia. 1978.

Rolina - Breeder and vendor: Enza Zaden.

Romulus - Breeder and vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: cos type, medium green color, slightly savoyed leaves, good yields. Resistance: lettuce mosaic virus, corky root rot. 1989.

Rosa - Breeder and vendor: Arco Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated; red head lettuce. 1981.

Rosalita - Vendor: Johnny's. Characteristics: cos type, deep red on inner exposed leaf surfaces, green outer base, early maturity, spring, fall, and winter crops. Similar: Rouge D Hiver.

Rossada (21504) - Breeder and vendor: Enza Zaden. Parentage: open pollinated. Adaptation: North America. 1997.

Rosseto (G x 915) - Breeder: Debbie Mitchell. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Genecorp. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: medium to dark red Lolla Rossa. Similar: no cultivar like it. Adaptation: U.S.

Rougette du Midi - Breeder: Vilmorin. Vendor: Cook's Garden. Characteristics: also known as Red Montpelier; red butterhead type for baby lettuce or off-season covered crops; not recommended for summer. 1842.

Royal Green - Breeder and vendor: Royal Sluis B.V. Characteristics: 45 days to maturity, darker green version of Grand Rapids, very uniform, green leaf. Resistance: tipburn. 1988.

Royal Oak Leaf - Breeder and vendor: W. Atlee Burpee Co. Parentage: Oak Leaf x Burpee Bibb. Characteristics: open pollinated; larger rosette with darker green leaf color than Oak Leaf. Resistance: heat and tipburn. Similar: Oak Leaf. Adaptation: wide. PVP Certificate No. 7800009. 1978.

Royal Red - Breeder and Vendor: Royal Sluis B.V. Characteristics: 45 days to maturity, deep red version of Grand Rapids, larger frames than Red Rapids but not as large as Red Sails, red leaf. Resistance: tipburn. 1988.

RS 0254 - Breeder: Royal Sluis America. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: crisphead type, very large frame and head, thick dark green leaves, smooth ribs, black seed. Resistance: pink rib, tipburn, big vein, downy mildew California pathovar 3, frost; tolerance to heat. Similar: Vanguard. 1994.

RS 0319 - Breeder: Royal Sluis America. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, thick dark green leaves, smooth ribs, black seed. Resistance: bolting, pink rib, tipburn, big vein, downy mildew California pathovar 3, frost; tolerance to heat. Similar: Vanguard. 1994.

Rubra - Breeder and vendor: Arco Seed Co. Characteristics: Red Cos Lettuce. 1981.

Ruby - Breeder: USDA, Beltsville, Md. Parentage: Prizehead x complex hybrid. Similar: Prizehead. Characteristics: intense red color that holds under conditions where color fades in other red cultivars. Adaptation: wide. 1957.

Sahara (GS 06511294) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Genecorp. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: Iceberg type, suitable for high temperature regions, large frame, medium green with an outstanding bolting tolerance; best early seson planting in Huron on August 13-25, Yuma on September 5 to 20, spring or summer market on June 1 to September 1; Chile on December 1 to January 30. Similar: Sun Devil, Beacon, Light House, Valley Green. Adaptation: Desert Southwest U.S. and Huron, California. 2002.

Saguaro - Breeder and vendor: Harris Moran. Characteristics: cos type, very large frame. Resistance: lettuce mosaic virus, corky root rot. Similar: Parris Island Cos.

Salad Bibb (HXP 3550) - Breeder: Dr. Hasib S. Humaydan. Harris Moran Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated; butterhead type lettuce with multiple disease resistance. Resistance: lettuce mosaic virus, broad bean wilt virus and downy mildew. Similar: Summer Bibb. Adaptation: northeast, midwest and southern United States. PVP No. 8500060. 1985.

Salad Bowl - Breeder: Plant Industry Sta., USDA, Beltsville, Md. Parentage: a complex hybrid. Similar: Oak Leaf. Characteristics: heavily lobed leaves, very slow bolting, high quality, high in vitamins A and C. Resistance: tipburn and high temperatures.

Salinas - Breeder: E.J. Ryder. Vendor: USDA, ARS; Salinas, California. Characteristics: crisphead type, dull green outer leaves, leaf margins scalloped or wavy, texture soft, creamy interior, firm to hard at maturity, spherical, slightly bald on top, adequately covered, bottom slightly flattened with flat ribs, leaves broad at base, core diameter medium to large, black seed. Resistance: tipburn; susceptible to downy mildew V8, lettuce mosaic, western yellows, and turnip mosaic viruses; Sclerotinia; sensitive to ethylene, russet spotting and pink rib. 1975.

Salinas 88 - Breeder: E.J. Ryder. Vendor: USDA, ARS; Salinas, California. Characteristics: crisphead type, dull, dark green outer leaves, heads firm to hard at maturity and well rounded, green pigmentation extends close to core, interior creamy yellow, flat butt and ribs, large core, leaf surface slightly crinkled, outer leaves are broader than long, black seed. Resistance: tipburn, tolerance to lettuce mosaic virus; susceptible to big vein and corky root. Similar: Salinas. 1988.

Salmar (E8248) - Breeder: Ferry-Morse Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated; very smooth butt. Resistance: downy mildew. Similar: Salinas. Adaptation: spring harvest on the central coast of California. PVP application pending. 1981.

Salverde - Breeder: Dr. G. Emery. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: crisphead type, slightly larger head, tighter wrappers and more serrated leaf margins than Salinas. Resistance: downy mildew. Similar: Salinas. 1988.

Sangria - Vendor: Vilmorin. Characteristics: butterhead type, first butterhead resistant to bolting, cropping spring, summer, and autumn, intensive red color in spring, brownish red in summer, heavy heads 450-650 g well shaped, no off shoots. Resistance: bolting, Bremia R11, lettuce mosaic virus. Similar: Merveille des 4 Saisons. 1987.

Santa Fe - Breeder and vendor: W. Atlee Burpee Co.

Santans (SSC 30473) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Similar: Vanguard. Adaptation: Yuma, Arizona and Imperial Valley. 2001.

Sea Green - Breeder: E.J. Ryder. Vendor: USDA, ARS; Salinas, California. Characteristics: crisphead type, dull green leaves, interior is creamy, heads firm and well formed, core diameter medium to large, low to medium stem. Resistance: big vein; susceptible to downy mildew, lettuce mosaic and Sclerotinia. 1981.

Sedona - Breeder: Royal Sluis America. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, thick dark green leaves, smooth ribs, black seed. Resistance: bolting, pink rib, tipburn; tolerance to heat and frost; susceptible to big vein; downy mildew California pathovar 3. Similar: Vanguard. 1991.

Sentry (SSC 30399) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Resistance: downy mildew. Similar: Lollo Rossa. Adaptation: all lettuce Production regions. 1999.

Sequoia - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: Crisphead type; maturity is 90-110 days; large, dark green heads; extremely good in cool weather. Similar: Pybas 251. Adaptation: California central coast. 1996.

Shilo - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: crisphead type, mid-winter desert conditions in California and Arizona, large head and frame with excellent dark green color. Similar: Kofa. 1993.

Shogun - Breeder: Haruo Sakamoto. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: crisphead type, slightly gray-green color, soft leaves, good wrappers. Resistance: downy mildew, common strain). Similar: Calmar. 1983.

Sure Shot (PX 06512772) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Petoseed. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: very attractive head, minimal ribbyness, medium dark exterior cover and wrap with a short core; uniform round shape and flat bottom makes it suitable for fresh, cello, or process type; dense interior with minimal space between internodes makes this cultivar heavy and firm. Resistance: downy mildew, big vein, corky root rot. Similar: Trojan, Jupiter, Big Ben, Pybas 251. Adaptation: Southwest Coastal California. 2002.

Sicily (GX 923) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Genecorp. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: spring mix, red frilly type, triple red Rossa type with excellent texture and very frilly leaf margin. Similar: Lolla Rossa. Adaptation: California coast and cooler climate planting conditions. 2002.

Sierra - Vendor: Vilmorin. Characteristics: Batavia type, red, cropping in spring, summer and autumn, upright form and large size. Resistance: bolting, Bremia R11, tipburn. Similar: Rossia, Canasta. 1988.

Signal - Breeder: T.W. Whitaker and J.D. McCreight. Vendor: USDA, Agric. Res. Stn.; Salinas, California. Characteristics: cos type, leaves upright, cap over the head rather than remaining open, head tapered slightly towards the butt, results in a "blocky" appearance, sweet flavor, firm, uniform. 1980.

Simpson Elite - Breeder and vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: leaf type, bright yellow green looseleaf, excellent uniformity and leaf quality. Resistance: bolting. Similar: Black Seeded Simpson. 1993.

Simpson Elite - Breeder and vendor: Twilley Seeds. Characteristics: 45 days to maturity, slow bolting, medium light green, leaves are attractive, broad and crumpled with curled outer leaf margins. 1998.

Siskiyou - Breeder: Doug Sousa. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Petoseed. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: medium green, blistered leaf, Romaine, open plant habit, good internal blanching. Resistance: corky root, LMV. Similar: Green Towers. Adaptation: coastal California. 1999.

Skyline - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: crisphead type. Resistance: bolting. Similar: Ithaca 989. Adaptation: northeast U.S, Canada. 1993.

Sky/Line - Breeder and vendor: Orsetti Seed Co.  Adaptation: U.S.  2005.

Slider (G x 818) - Breeder: Jodi Grossen. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Genecorp. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: medium sized Romaine, narrow base and wide mid-section, well suited for hearts due to torpedo shape. Resistance: corky root. Adaptation: Florida. 1999.

Slobolt - Breeder: Bureau Plant Industry Station, USDA, Beltsville, Md. Parentage: Giant Summer x Grand Rapids. Characteristics: slow bolting Grand Rapids type. Resistance: high temperatures and tipburn. Adaptation: wide. Southern Seedsman. August, 1945.

Snappy (G x 817) - Breeder: Jodi Grossen. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Genecorp. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: medium sized Romaine, very bright green leaves, late closing. Resistance: corky root. Similar: no cultivar like it. Adaptation: Florida. 1999.

Sniper (PS 3879) - Breeder: Doug Sousa. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Genecorp. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: Large heading dark green crisphead lettuce, large frame to provide good head protection. Resistance: corky root. Similar: Sharp Shooter. Adaptation: Coastal California. 1999.

Snowbird - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, medium thick dark olive green leaves, large butt, slightly ribby, black seed. Resistance: slight bolting, pink rib, tipburn, big vein, downy mildew California pathovar 3; tolerance to frost. Similar: Vanguard. 1988.

Sonora - Breeder and vendor: Harris Moran. Characteristics: crisphead type, very large frame, dark green glossy leaves. Resistance: bolting, lettuce mosaic virus, downy mildew pathotype 2. Similar: Vanguard.

Spartan Lakes - Breeder: Michigan St. Agric. Exp. Sta. Vendor: Michigan Agric. Exp. Stn., Michigan State University, East Lansing. Characteristics: crisphead type, early maturity, small size, dark green color, strong butt structure. Resistance: bolting. Adaptation: Michigan mucklands. 1968.

Sphinx - Breeder: Leen de Mos Vegetable Seeds. Vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: 40-45 day maturity; medium heads; light to medium green color; smooth leaf texture. Resistance: downy mildew; tipburn; bolting. Similar: Boston Bibb. Adaptation: can be cultivated in U.S. if sown in proper season. 1999.

Squadron (SSC 30543) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: baby leaf type that produces thick textured leaves with frilly leaf margins and a dark, lime green color; suitable as a replacement for Tango, particularly under downy mildew incidence; also has applications as a full grown product in certain markets. Resistance: downy mildew resistance (pathotypes I, IIA, IIB, III, IV and V). Similar: Waldmanns Green. Adaptation: U.S. lettuce production regions. 2002.

Steinbeck (GS 632) - Breeder: Lisa Muss. Vendor: Seminis-Genecorp. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: large iceberg, medium green color, excellent texture, main growing season. Resistance: corky root. Similar: Sharpshooter. Adaptation: Salinas Valley, California February to June plantings. 2000.

Sudia - Vendor: Vilmorin. Characteristics: semi-early cropping in spring, summer, and autumn, dark green matte foliage very thick and dimpled, semi-long heads 400 g. Similar: Sucrine, Sudel, Bella. 1984.

Sumatra - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: cos type, light green color, very large, well-closed heads, early maturity. Resistance: bolting, cold tolerant. Similar: Bionda Collosseo. 1990.

Sumi - Breeder: Quali-Sel, Inc. Characteristics: open pollinated; very short core length. Resistance: none claimed. Similar: Amaral 400. Adaptation: Yuma, Arizona, San Joaquin and Imperial valleys, Calif. PVP Certificate No. 8000134. 1981.

Summer Bibb (B52) - Breeder: Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N.Y. Characteristics: does not bolt to seed as rapidly as Bibb. Similar: Bibb. Veg. Crops Mimeo VC-123, June, 1964.

Summer Queen (XP 514) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated; slow bolting butterhead for summer growing conditions. Resistance: none claimed. Similar: Dark Green Boston. Adaptation: United States and Canada. 1978.

Summertime - Breeder: J.R. Baggett. Vendor: Oregon Agric. Exp. Sta. Characteristics: crisphead type, slow to become bitter in summer. Resistance: bolting, tipburn, brown rib. Similar: Ithaca. 1989.

Sundowner - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: crisphead type, dark green color, excellent heading ability, smooth butt. Resistance: bolting. Similar: Empire. 1993.

Sunset - Breeder: Leen de Mos Vegetable Seeds. Vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: Red Oak leaf lettuce; 45-65 day maturity; intense red leaf color; compact heads. Resistance: downy mildew. Similar: Red Salad Bowl. Adaptation: can be cultivated in U.S. if sown in proper season. 1996.

Super 59 - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: crisphead type, medium frame, head, and ribs, medium thick dark forest green leaves, large butt, white seed. Resistance: bolting, pink rib, tipburn; tolerance to heat and frost. Similar: Great Lakes 659. 1972.

Superbb - Breeder and vendor: Michigan Agr. Expt. Sta. Parentage: Noran x Bibb. Characteristics: open pollinated; tolerant of low-light intensity; adapted to a wide range of day lengths, earlier than Bibb, high quality low shattering leaves at harvest. Resistance: certain strains of downy mildew. Adaptation: greenhouse and early and late crops in the field. 1980.

Sweet Gem - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: dark green color, compact plant, excellent taste. Resistance: bolting. Similar: Little Gem. 1994.

Sweetheart - Breeder and vendor: Waldo Rohnert Co., Gilroy, Calif. Parentage: a butter head of White Boston type. Similar: White Boston. Characteristics: nonbolting, tolerant to tipburn. Adaptation: wide. 1957.

Sweetie B.S. - Breeder and vendor: ARCO/Dessert Seed Co. Characteristics: semi-Cos type leaf lettuce. 1981.

TAMU Valrio - Breeder: T.W. Whitaker and P.W. Leeper. Vendor: Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Texas A and M University Weslaco, Texas. Characteristics: crisphead type, well colored, leaves have straight flat ribs, flat butt. Resistance: downy mildew; tolerance to cold. 1968.

TAMU Valtemp - Breeder: T.W. Whitaker and P.W. Leeper. Vendor: Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Texas A and M University Weslaco, Texas. Characteristics: crisphead type, adapted to early season planting in high temperatures, exceptionally good head color and quality, uniform head size and maturity, dark green, shorter stems, heads closer to ground, flat butt, good color, ribs straight and flat. Resistance: bolting, downy mildew; tolerance to cold. 1968.

Target - Breeder and vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: crisphead type, excellent color, very firm medium green head, smooth butt. Resistance: downy mildew California pathotypes 1, 2. Similar: Salinas. 1990.

Tarragona (G x 920) - Breeder: Frank Casellas. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Genecorp. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: Tango type, lobed leaf; color darker than Tango, leafy thicker than Tango. Similar: Tango. Adaptation: all areas-specialty. 1998.

Tempe (XP 48) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Characteristics: crisphead type. Resistance: tolerance to tipburn. Similar: Golden State D. Adaptation: spring production in Arizona and coastal California and early winter harvest in Imperial Valley of California. 1972.

Tendercrisp - Breeder and vendor: Keystone Seed Co. Characteristics: Bibb type, with glossier appearance, crisp, high quality. Similar: Bibb types. Adaptation: same as Bibb. Keystone Catalog. 1969.

Tendergreen - Breeder: Michigan State Univ., East Lansing. Vendor: Grand Rapids Growers. Parentage: Grand Rapids x Bibb. Similar: Bibb. Characteristics: stalk large and upright, foliage dark green, slightly curled. Adaptation: greenhouse in north in winter. 1955.

Terrapin (G x 816) - Breeder: Jodi Grossen. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Genecorp. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: very large, bright green color, Romaine type with smooth leaf surface, slow bolting, slow closing, heavy, excellent for cartons and processing. Resistance: corky root. Similar: no cultivar like it. Adaptation: Florida. 1999.

Thompson - Breeder: E.J. Ryder. Vendor: USDA, ARS; Salinas, California. Characteristics: crisphead type, medium dark green outer leaves, leaf margins dentate and texture is crisp, interior light cream, nearly white, heads firm to hard at maturity and well-covered, occasionally spiraled, butt is usually flat, occasionally rounded, leaves broad at base, ribs usually flat occasionally raised, core medium to large, white seed. Resistance: big vein; susceptible to downy mildew, tipburn, lettuce mosaic and Sclerotinia. 1981.

Tiara - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: leaf type, blistered, frilled, looseleaf, dark green leaves, erect. Resistance: tipburn, slow bolting. Similar: Waldmanns Green. 1989.

Tiber - Breeder: USDA, Agric. Res. Stn., Salinas, California. Vendor: USDA, Agric. Res. Stn. Characteristics: crisphead type, large to very large size, head firm to hard, dull, dark green outer leaves, leaf margins slightly incised, indented and undulate, soft texture, leaf surface moderate crinkle, interior creamy yellow, well rounded, flat butt and ribs, large core, low to medium stem, black seed. Resistance: tipburn.

Tigris - Breeder: Leen de Mos Vegetable Seeds. Vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: red loose leaf lettuce; 45-65 day maturity; medium large heads; intense red leaf color; broad leaves with blistered texture; upright plant habit. Resistance: tipburn. Similar: New Red Fire. Adaptation: can be cultivated in U.S. if sown in proper season. 1997.

Time - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: crisphead type, dark green, blistered leaves, medium size frame, good heading ability, flat butt provides excellent boxy appearance. Similar: Honcho 2. 1993.

Top Gun - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: crisphead type, medium to large, spring harvest in California coastal areas, medium to dark green color. Resistance: downy mildew pathotypes 1, 2, 2. Similar: Salinas. 1991.

Torino (G x 904) - Breeder: Debbie Mitchell. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Genecorp. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: Red Oak leaf type with longer leaf, deeper lobes than Valencia. Similar: Valencia. Adaptation: U.S. 1997.

Tortuga - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: cos type, medium green, shiny color, heads upright nicely formed, well closed. 1990.

Tourist (164553) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: dark green romaine type, leaves large size, shiny color, slightly blistered (savoyed); compact plant, cold tolerant, good weight, bolting tolerant. Resistance: downy mildew (BL 01-16, 19, 21, 23). Similar: Bacio, Remus. Adaptation: NAFTA. 2004.

Tracer - Breeder: Doug Sousa. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Petoseed. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: Salinas type crisphead, high corky root tolerance, good color, large heads; poor head formation under warm conditions. Resistance: tolerant to corky root. Similar: Cowboy, Wrangler. Adaptation: coastal California. 1997.

Trendsetter - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: crisphead type for late Empire to early Merit planting slot, dark green, smooth butt appearance. Similar: Empire. 1993.

Tres Equis - Breeder and vendor: Synergene. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame, moderate large head, thick moderately crisp dark dull to glossy green leaves, small butt, small core, smooth ribs, dark brown seed. Resistance: bolting, tipburn, pink rib; tolerance to heat. Similar: Vanguard. 1992.

Trinidad - Breeder: K. Bixby. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: butterhead type, blonde leaves, medium size heads. Resistance: downy mildew. Similar: Joric Le. Adaptation: Northern Mediterranean region. 1987.

Triple Threat (PS 06516604) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: Romaine, Paris Island Cos type; medium green color; slightly closed, slightly blistered large leaf; very tolerant to tip burn and bolting; can be used by processor, fresh market and hearts segment; suggested sow dates: March 1 to September 15. Similar: Green Towers, Hearts Delight. Adaptation: Southwest Coastal U.S., NAFTA. 2004.

Triton (HMX 7555) - Breeder: Philip Sarreal Vendor: Harris Moran Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristic: large size, excellent vigor, dark green, slightly savoyed. Similar: Green Towers. Adaptation: Coastal California, Desert, Southwest, Eastern U.S. 2001.

Tuscany (G x 825) - Breeder: John Purcell. Vendor: Seminis-Genecorp. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: Green Romaine spring mix, dark color, slightly blistered leaves. Similar: Granada. Adaptation: western U.S. 2000.

Two Star - Breeder and vendor: Brinker. Characteristics: leaf type, darker green, more uniform, larger size than Waldmanns Green. Similar: Waldmanns Green.

Ultra Green - Breeder and vendor: Brinker. Characteristics: leaf type, dark green color, uniform. Resistance: tipburn. Similar: Waldmanns Green.

Ultra Red (BOS 9019) - Breeder and vendor: Orsetti Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: bright red leaf; bottom side of leaf lighter green; green stem. Similar: Vulcan. Adaptation: widespread in North America. 1997.

Valcos - Breeder: Mr. Paul Leeper. Vendor: Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Weslaco. Characteristics: cos type, center leaves are bright yellow, dark green outer leaves, heads cap well, compact, straight ribs. Resistance: bolting, tipburn; downy mildew race 5, 6.

Valley Heart (RX 06511508) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds.  Parentage: open pollinated.  Characteristics: Romaine type; medium green color, slightly blistered and large leaf, semi closed, narrow bottom, tall growth habit; non-glossy leaves, smooth leaf margin; very good cold tolerance combined with good bolting and tip burn tolerance; can be used by processor for fresh and hearts segments.  Similar: King Henry, Green Towers.  Adaptation: NAFTA, southwest coastal, cool season desert U.S.  PVP application #200500041.  2005.

Valmaine (Texas 1087) - Breeder: Texas Agr. Expt. Sta., Weslaco, and USDA, La Jolla, Calif. Parentage: PI 167150 and complex Cos hybrid. Characteristics: uniform, dark green, slightly savoyed, large, early maturing. Resistance: downy mildew. Similar: Parris Island Cos. Adaptation: lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas. Amer. Veg. Grower, Fall 1963.

Valprize - Breeder: Mr. Paul Leeper. Vendor: Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Weslaco, Texas. Characteristics: butterhead type, dark green color, large head and stem, straight, flat ribs, excellent butt appearance. Resistance: premature bolting, tipburn; downy mildew race 5, 6.

Valta - Breeder: K. Bixby. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: cos type, small, compact. Resistance: lettuce mosaic virus. Similar: Parris Island Cos. 1987.

Valverde - Breeder: USDA La Jolla, Calif. Vendor: USDA and Texas Agr. Exp. Station, College Station, Texas. Parentage: PI from Russia crossed with several Imperial types and Cosberg. Characteristics: dark green, thick wrapper leaves, head firm, well folded, good butt appearance. Resistance: downy mildew. Similar: Great Lakes. Adaptation: lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Amer. Vegetable Grower 9. 1959.

Van Mor (Vanguard 551) - Breeder and vendor: Moran Seeds, Inc. Characteristics: open pollinated; Vanguard type; heads uniform medium dark green. Resistance: tolerant to tipburn and dormancy at high temperatures. Similar: Vanguard. Adaptation: desert areas. PVP No. 8100172. 1980.

Vancrisp - Breeder: Quali-Sel. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, thick dark green leaves, smooth ribs, black seed, small core and butt. Resistance: pink rib, tipburn, downy mildew California pathovar 3; tolerance to heat and frost; susceptible to big vein. Similar: Vanguard. 1986.

Vanguard - Breeder: USDA, Beltsville, Md. Parentage: Climax, 5192 (derived from I. virosa x L. sativa), 4157 (original parents Imp. 847, Cosbia, Grand Rapids, and Salamander). Characteristics: dark, dull green color, excellent eating quality, large size, outstanding butts. Adaptation: Salinas-Watsonville district, Calif. 1959.

Vanguard 75 - Breeder: E.J. Ryder. Vendor: USDA, ARS; Salinas, California. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame leaves tend to enclose the head, large, thick dull green leaves, broad flat butt, occasionally slightly pointed, smooth flat ribs, black seed, used widely for late spring harvest in desert southwest United States since late 1970s; first cultivar with lettuce mosaic virus resistance. Resistance: bolting; tipburn; lettuce mosaic virus; tolerance to heat and frost Similar: Vanguard. 1975.

Vanmax (E 0201) - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Co. Characteristics: earlier with larger frame and head, more uniform maturity, slightly lighter color than Vanguard. Similar: Vanguard. 1972.

Vega - Breeder: University California, Davis. Vendor: USDA, University California, Davis. Characteristics: crisphead type, firm, good weight, smooth butt, large cores, attractive, low seedstalk, white seed. Resistance: susceptible to russet spotting, tipburn; contains PI 91532, downy mildew resistant Lactuca serriola introduction from Russia. 1978.

Velvet - Breeder: Vineland Agr. Expt. Sta., Ont., Canada. Vendor: Stokes Seeds, Ltd. Parentage: selected from unknown English cultivar. Characteristics: early dark green, very mild butterhead type. Resistance: bolting. Similar: Bibb. Rpt. Hort. Expt. Sta. 1955-56. p. 61. 1956.

Vista - Vendor: Vilmorin. Characteristics: cropping in spring, summer, and autumn, shiny medium green foliage, round heads, good shelf life, good clean underside without off-shoots. Resistance: Bremia R8, R11; tipburn, lettuce mosaic virus. Similar: Dolly. 1985.

Vista Verde - Breeder and vendor: Central Valley Seeds. Characteristics: crisphead type, very large frame and head, medium thick dark green leaves, medium pointed butt, narrow leaf petioles, high rib, black seed. Resistance: bolting, pink rib; tolerance to frost; not tolerance to heat. Similar: Vanguard. 1990.

Vitegra (29704) - Breeder and vendor: Enza Zaden. Parentage: open pollinated. Adaptation: North America. 1997.

Vulcan - Breeder and vendor: Sakata. Characteristics: leaf type, dark red color with light green contrast. Similar: Standard Red Leaf. 1989.

Waldmann's Green - Breeder: John Waldmann, Cincinnati, Ohio. Vendor: Joseph Harris Co., Rochester, N.Y. Parentage: selected from mutation or outcross in Grand Rapids. Characteristics: darker green than most leaf lettuce, fast growing, upright. Resistance: tipburn. Similar: Grand Rapids. Adaptation: greenhouse and outdoor culture. Harris Catalog. 1958

Wallaby (EX 9200027) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Asgrow. Characteristics: coastal iceberg for warmer planting areas on the coast; medium frame, medium head Salinas type with medium green color; sowing dates for the Salinas Valley are May 1 to July 30. Resistance: corky root. Similar: Magnum. Adaptation: Salinas Valley, California. 2002.

Warrior - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: crisphead type, medium size for mid-summer harvest in coastal California areas, medium dark green, good head coverage. Resistance: downy mildew; pathotypes 1, 2, 3. Similar: Salinas. 1991.

Weatherby (SSC 30529) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Resistance: bolting and corky root. Similar: Pam's Island Cos. Adaptation: All major lettuce growing regions. 2001.

Wes Pak - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Co., Mountain View, Calif. Parentage: selection from Regular Great Lakes. Characteristics: large heads, good plant color, more finely frilled leaf margins. Similar: Great Lakes. Adaptation: general use. 1957.

Western Red Leaf - Breeder and vendor: Brinker. Characteristics: leaf type, dark red. Similar: Deep Red, Red Leaf, Prizehead. 1989.

Westland - Breeder: Brinker-Orsetti. Vendor: Brinker. Characteristics: crisphead type, large head, dark green during winter growing season. Resistance: lettuce mosaic virus. Similar: Vanguard. 1994.

Wildfire - Breeder and vendor: Johnny Selected Seeds. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: Mix of several lettuce cultivars from several suppliers. 2000.

Winchester (SSC 30531) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Resistance: bolting. Similar: Pam's Island Cos. Adaptation: all major lettuce growing regions. 2001.

Winter Select (PS 06510783) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: large frame, medium green iceberg type that is sure heading; smooth ribs and very vigorous habit, good weight and very finished bottom; refined appearance makes it attractive for the cello market; suggested sowing dates are October 15-25. Similar: Cibola, Grizzly. Adaptation: NAFTA - desert (Imperial Valley of California and Yuma, Arizona). 2004.

Winter Supreme - Breeder: Bruce Church. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: crisphead type, very large frame and head, thick dark green leaves, black seed. Resistance: bolting, pink rib; moderate to tipburn, rusty rib, downy mildew California pathovar 3; tolerance to frost; susceptible to big vein. Similar: Climax. 1978.

Winterhaven - Breeder: Harnish-Brinker/Marvins Seeds. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, thick dark green leaves, smooth ribs, black seed. Resistance: pink rib, tipburn, downy mildew California pathovar 3; tolerance to heat, frost; susceptible to big vein. Similar: Vanguard. 1974.

Winterhaven Select - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: crisphead type; 110-120 day maturity; uniform maturity, medium sized head of medium green color; developed to produce full sized heads in mid-winter desert conditions; vigorous growth, leaves with good texture, smooth ribs. Resistance: downy mildew California pathovar 3; tolerance to frost. Similar: Vanguard, Winterhaven. Adaptation: California, Arizona. 1995.

Winterhaven Select - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: crisphead type; 110-120 day maturity; uniform maturity, vigorous growth, large frame and head, dark dull green leaves, good texture, smooth ribs. Resistance: downy mildew California pathovar 3; tolerance to frost. Similar: Vanguard. 1995.

Winterhaven, BOS - Breeder: Brinker-Orsetti. Vendor: Orsetti. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, dull dark green leaves, medium large butt size, black seed. Resistance: bolting, tipburn; tolerance to heat, frost. Similar: Winterhaven. 1986.

Winterset - Breeder: E.J. Ryder. Vendor: USDA, ARS; Salinas, California. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, thick dull green leaves, large flat butt, slightly ribby, white seed. Resistance: tipburn, lettuce mosaic virus, limited downy mildew; tolerance to frost. Similar: Vanguard. 1984.

Wolverine (PS 5084 MI) - Breeder: Doug Sousa. Vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Petoseed. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: late winter harvested crisphead lettuce, develops a thick leaf texture, good color, excellent cell pack appearance. Adaptation: desert southwest U.S. 1998.

Xena (HMX 6552) - Breeder: Clause. Vendor: Harris Moran Seed Co. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: green leaf large head; glossy green leaf. Resistance: tipburn, tolerance to bolting. Similar: Two Star. Adaptation: all loose leaf areas.

Yuma - Breeder: Harris Moran. Vendor: Harris Moran. Characteristics: crisphead type, large frame and head, dark green leaves, large butt. Resistance: fair to tipburn. 1985.

Yuri (RX 06511530) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Royal Sluis. Parentage: inbred. Characteristics: Iceberg lettuce suitable for moderate to high temperature and humidity; Vanguard type, large frame, medium green color, round shape, with good bolting tolerance; recommended sowing period in Brazil is 1 March though 25 June; sowing period in the Caribbean is September through November; performed very well in elevations between 600 and 1500 m. Similar: Legacy. Adaptation: Brazil. 2003.

Zesty - Breeder: Ken Bixby. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: cos type, dark green. Resistance: lettuce mosaic virus, downy mildew. Similar: Valmaine. 1987.