Vegetable Cultivar Descriptions for North America

Onion (A-L), Lists 1-26 Combined

Edited by Michael J. Havey

USDA/ARS, Department of Horticulture
University of Wisconsin
Madison, WI 53706

A.B. Exporter - Breeder and vendor: Waldo Rohnert Company, Gilroy, California. Parentage: Australian Brown. Characteristics: extra tight scale, dark color, long keeping. Similar: Australian Brown. Adaptation: western United States areas. 1958.

Abundance - Breeder: USDA, Agric. Expt. Sta., Ames, Iowa, and Idaho Agric. Expt. Sta. Moscow. Parentage: B2108A x B2215C Early Yellow Globe inbred x Brigham Yellow Globe inbred. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, large plant size, not glossy foliage, medium maturity; Bulb large, light yellow color, high globe, pungent, soft. Similar: Early Yellow Globe. Adaptation: northern United Sates. Elmo W. Davis, 16 Apr 1962.

Adonis (FMX 349) - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: excellent yield, yellow semi-flat Grano onion, very vigorous, mid maturity. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Henry's Special.

Alabaster (Sunex 1458) - Breeder: R.Watson. Vendor: Sunseeds. Characteristics: bright white outer scales, intermediate day. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Midstar. 1994.

Albion - Breeder and vendor: Bejo. Characteristics: hybrid white onion for short term storage, dehydration, or fresh market. 1989.

Antelope (230W5) - Breeder: E.Wheeler. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: early maturing, high yields, attractive bronze skins, mild, sweet, short storage. Similar: Progress. 1985.

Apache - Breeder and vendor: Golden Valley. Characteristics: Spanish Red Globe type with good storage. 1991.

Apache (61-3) - Breeder: Ferry-Morse Seed Company, Mountain View, California. Parentage: B2264A x F-M inbred. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, bulbs large, globular with dark brown outer shell; late. Similar: Hybrid Yellow Globe. Adaptation: long photoperiod areas. Ferry-Morse Seed Company, 2 July 1963.

Apache Chief (V) - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, 1 - 2 days earlier, more attractive, with better scales than Hybrid Apache. Similar: Hybrid Apache. 1977.

Apex (PSX 72488) - Breeder: R.Engle. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: block shape, good quality colossals. 1991.

Aranex (Granex 7092; PS 7092) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis-Petoseed. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Savannah Sweet, Granex 33. Adaptation: Georgia, Brazil, Chile, Caribbean. 1999.

Aries (XP 75) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early, medium large, globe shaped type, firm flesh with good storage characteristics; firm, trim necks, and light scales. Resistance: one or more races of pink root. Similar: Autumn Spice. Adaptation: northeastern and midwestern United States and Canada. 1978.

Aristocrat Hybrid - Breeder: USDA, Ohio, Idaho, and Iowa Agric. Expt. Stns. Parentage: B2218A x B2215C, both Brigham Yellow Globe inbred. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, uniformity of size, shape, and color; high yield, excellent storage quality. Similar: Brigham Yellow Globe. Adaptation: northern United States, from Oregon to New York. Robson, 1953. 1955.

Armada (XPH 428) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Parentage: F1 hybrid, Idaho Agric. Expt. Sta. and Asgrow inbreds. Characteristics: main season Spanish type with high yields and high percentage of jumbos. Possible field tolerance to pink root. Similar: Spanish types. 1981.

Armory (XP 77008) - Breeder: Omar Diaz. Vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: second early, long day storage onion, 100 days, tall globe shaped, medium to dark skin. Resistance: fusarium. Similar: Barrage. Adaptation: Canada, Northeast U.S., Michigan, Wisconsin. 2001.

Aspen (PS93490) - Breeder: R.Engle. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: fresh market, globe shaped white mid day, white short sturdy tops. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Midstar. 1995.

Astro (PS57089) - Breeder: R.Engle. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: long storage, excellent scales, deep globe shaped, vigorous root system, 3" bulbs, medium dark color, good for mechanical harvest. Similar: Voyager, Spartan Banner 80. 1993.

Atlantis (FMX351) - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: yellow short day Grano type that produces large, mild bulbs of a brownish color; mid to late season, very vigorous with fair bolting resistance. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Texas 1015Y, Sweet Rio, Sweet Sixteen.

Atlas (PSX 70287) - Breeder: R.Engle. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: long day, globe shaped bulbs, jumbos, colossals, light brown scale, white flesh, mild flavor. 1991.

Augustus (FMX263W20) - Breeder: E.Snyder. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: big jumbo bulbs with dark brown skins that will store well, this is a full season maturity onion. Resistance: pink root tolerance. Similar: Vega. 1991.

Aura (XP 174) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated, used for local market, limited storage, suitable for transplanting. Resistance: one or more strains of pink root. Similar: Rannata di Milano and Durata di Parma. Adaptation: New York, New Jersey, and Colorado. 1980.

Australian Brown 100 - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Company, Mountain View, California. Characteristics: similar to Australian Brown, but earlier maturing and more uniformly dark colored. Adaptation: California's coastal areas. Ferry-Morse Seed Company, 15 Apr. 1963.

Autumn Beauty (Crk XPN 99) - Breeder and vendor: Crookham Co. Parentage: (B2264 x Crk HG7) x Crk G25C. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, above average storage quality for a Yellow Sweet Spanish, early midseason maturity, uniform large globe-shaped bulbs with brown scales that adhere well in storage; will machine harvest. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: areas where Sweet Spanish are grown. 1980.

Autumn Glo (Crk N79) - Breeder and vendor: Crookham Co. Parentage: F1 hybrid, (W404A x closed B line) x closed pollinator. Characteristics: mid-early maturity, bulbs uniform for color and shape; small necks, excellent storage quality. Resistance: none claimed. Similar: Downing or Brigham Yellow Globe. Adaptation: areas where Downing and Brigham Yellow Globe are grown. 1978.

Autumn Keeper (Hyb 6) - Breeder: Crookham Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, excellent storage quality; mid-season maturity; heavy yellowish-brown scales that adhere well throughout the storage period; produces high yields of US no.1 bulbs. Similar: Yellow Globe. Adaptation: northern long-day onion areas. 1966.

Autumn Pride (Hyb 4) - Breeder: Crookham Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, excellent storage quality; late season maturity; uniform size and shape; heavy yielder of United States number 1 bulbs, which are firm with medium yellow-brown scales. Similar: Yellow Globe. Adaptation: northern long-day onion areas. 1966.

Autumn Spice Hybrid - Breeder: Crookham Company, Caldwell, Idaho. Parentage: closed. Similar: a Long Day Storage type. Characteristics: very early maturity, of excellent keeping quality; bulb size and shape highly uniform; good prepack onion. Adaptation: areas where B.Y.G. and similar O.P. cultivars are grown. 1953.

Autumn Splendor Hybrid - Breeder: Crookham Company, Caldwell, Idaho. Parentage: closed. Characteristics: a long-day storage type; an excellent keeper of early to medium maturity; produces yields equal to Brigham Yellow Globe; very uniform. Adaptation: areas where B.Y.G. and similar open pollinated cultivars are grown. 1959.

Autumn Surprise (XP Hybrid Crk N49) - Breeder and vendor: Crookham Co. Parentage: F1 hybrid, (P52-371A x closed B line) x closed pollinator. Characteristics: early to midseason Spanish hybrid similar to El Capitan; handles well, high percent of single hearts; mild, high quality white interior. Resistance: tolerance to a high level of pink rot and diseases common to the Idaho and eastern Oregon area. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: areas where Yellow Sweet Spanish is grown. 1976.

Avalanche (79 C243R4) - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, large, uniform, White Sweet Spanish type. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Ringmaster. Adaptation: wide. 1982.

Aztec - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: early maturing, high yielding, Spanish, yellow. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Golden Cascade. 1990.

Baja Verde (PS 290311) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis-Petoseed. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: bunching onion. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Rio Verde. Adaptation: Southern California, Mexico. 1999.

Barletta - Vendor: Vilmorin. 1952.

Bastille (XP 77004) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: second early storage onion approximately 100 days. Adaptation: northeast U.S. and Canada. 2000.

Beltsville Bunching - Breeder: USDA and California Agric. Expt. Sta. Parentage: White Portugal 3-203-113-5 x Nebuka, an amphidiploid. Characteristics: very vigorous, light seeder. Resistance: pink root, yellow dwarf, smut, and thrips. Similar: Nebuka. Adaptation: wide regional. 1951.

Ben New York State Red - Breeder and vendor: Joseph Harris Co. Characteristics: large red, nearly round long-day onion, a few doubles. Similar: Southport Red Globe. Adaptation: northern United States mucklands and upland (transplant). Joseph Harris Company Catalog, 1968.

Benchmark (XPH 3311) - Breeder: S.Hendricks. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: long day yellow storage, good yield, globe shaped bulb; excellent skin quality, firmness, neck size, storage. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Sweet Sandwich. 1989.

Big Burger - Breeder and vendor: W. Atlee Burpee and Co. 2000.

Big Daddy (163-540) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis-Petoseed. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Resistance: Pink root. Similar: Vega. Adaptation: Oregon, Washington, Idaho.

Big Mac (N96) - Breeder and vendor: Crookham Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, for green topping, high yields of 3" and larger onions, for storage when matured. Resistance: tolerance to pink root and fusarium strains. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: wide. 1981.

Big Mama (163-176) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis-Petoseed. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Resistance: Fusarium. Similar: Impact. Adaptation: Northeast U.S., Midwest U.S., Canada. 1998.

Big Top (FMX152) - Breeder: H.Sakamoto. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: Grano type hybrid producing large to jumbo, full, slightly rounded bulbs, excellent yield. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Texas Early Grano. 1983.

Bingo - Vendor: Stokes. 1988.

Blaze - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: hybrid, red, overwintering. Resistance: pink root. 1994.

Blitz - Breeder: USDA. Parentage: F1 hybrid (B6693A x B2923B) x B7728B. Characteristics: excellent storage quality. Resistance: pink root. Resistance: tolerance to Alternaria. Similar: Spartan Sleeper. Adaptation: long-day areas requiring early maturity. 1987.

Bonanza - Breeder: USDA, Idaho Agric. Expt. Sta., Moscow, and Iowa Agric. Expt. Sta., Ames. Parentage: B2190A x B2215C Brigham Yellow Globe inbreds. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, large plant size, nonglossy foliage, late maturity; bulbs medium size, yellow, high globe, pungent, very firm, long storage. Similar: Brigham Yellow Globe. Adaptation: where Brigham Yellow Globe is adapted. Elmo Davis, 16 Apr. 1962.

Boulder - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: yellow long day, hard storage type. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Legacy. 1993.

Brahma (DEXP 2008) - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early Yellow Spanish type with long storage. Resistance: unknown. Similar: Fiesta. Adaptation: northern United States. 1978.

Bravado (DEXP 490-2) - Breeder and vendor: Sunseeds. Characteristics: main season Yellow Spanish type capable of high yields of large bulbs with a high frequency of single centers. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. 1988.

Bravo (AX 1846) - Breeder and vendor: Aristogenes. Characteristics: outstanding vigor and yield, good uniformity and storage qualities. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Vega. 1989.

Brilliant (ARCO 3059W) - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early with glossy white bulbs; more bolt-resistant than similar cultivars. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Early Supreme. Adaptation: short-day areas. 1987.

Bronco - Breeder and vendor: Joseph Harris Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early maturing, long storage, yellow onion. Similar: Autumn Spice. Adaptation: Canada and Northern United States. 1966.

Bronze Age - Breeder: K.McLellan, P.Olesen and Associates; Parma, Idaho. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Parentage: closed. Characteristics: mid-late season Elite type with heavy yielding ability, better storability. Adaptation: northeastern United States. 1969.

Bronze Marvel (H number 136) - Breeder and vendor: Crookham Co. Characteristics: hybrid, midseason, uniform dark brown Spanish hybrid that yields with Yellow Sweet Spanish and handles well with mechanical equipment. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: Yellow Sweet Spanish areas. 1970.

Bronze Perfection - Breeder: USDA, Wisconsin Agric. Expt. Sta., Madison, and Idaho Agric. Expt. Sta., Moscow. Parentage: B12132A x B2215C Yellow Sweet Spanish inbred x Brigham Yellow Globe inbred. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, plant size large, foliage gray, semi-glossy; bulbs large, late maturity, dark yellow to bronze, globe shape long storage, firm. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: areas where Sweet Spanish is grown. Onion Hyb. Bronze Perfection USDA release, 5 March 1957.

Bronze Reserve [(X42 M4) E0206] - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early long-day type with good storage characteristics; bulbs very hard, medium size, medium dark bronze with a high gloss; shoulders well-defined, neck very small; scales adhere well. Resistance: tolerance to bottom rot. Similar: Fusario Series. Adaptation: wide. 1981.

Bronze Wonder (Hy. 110A) - Breeder and vendor: Crookham Co. Characteristics: hybrid, high yielding, outstanding keeping, Spanish type; mechanical harvest. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: Spanish type areas. 1968.

Brown 5 - Same as Australian Brown UC Number 5.

Brown Baron (XPH 3860) - Breeder: S.Hendricks. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: excellent skin quality and bulb uniformity, globe shaped bulbs. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Brown Beauty. 1994.

Brown Beauty Hybrid - Breeder: Crookham Co., Caldwell, Idaho. Parentage: closed. Similar: long-day medium storage cultivar. Characteristics: early high yielding B.Y.G. type; very uniform, dark brown, stores well; produces more marketable bulbs than regular open pollinated cultivars. Adaptation: areas where B.Y.G. and similar O.P. cultivars are grown. 1954.

Brownkeep (XP 7519021) - Breeder: David Dean. Vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: yellow globe shape, hard storage onion, medium dark brown scales, can be stored 4 to 6 months. Resistance: Fusarium basal rot. Similar: Australian Brown. Adaptation: New Zealand, Australia, South Africa. 2000.

Buccaneer (C610) - Breeder and vendor: Joseph Harris Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, yellow, early maturing, long storage. Similar: Autumn Spice. Adaptation: Canada and the northern United States. 1966.

Bullet (FMX 221W4) - Breeder: K.McLellan. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: early maturity, heavy bulb weight, dark yellow-bronze scales, good storage qualities, has distinctive round bulbs. Resistance: fusarium basal rot; tolerance to bolting. 1983.

Bullring (DEXP 777) - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co. Characteristics: hybrid, high yield, long storage, Spanish type, single center. Similar: Fiesta. 1974.

Bullseye (219W9) - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Co. Parentage: F1 hybrid, FM inbreds. Characteristics: Spanish-type hybrid, highly single-centered with thick rings; globe-shaped with straw-colored skin. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Cima. Adaptation: New York, Wisconsin, and Michigan. 1985.

Bumper-C (5546-1010) - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, uniform early yellow globe; good keeper. Resistance: unknown. Similar: Elite. Adaptation: northern onion-growing areas. 1978.

Bunker (XP 77011) - Breede and vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: late storage onion, approximately 120 days. Similar: Crusader. Adaptation: New York, Michigan, Wisconsin. 2000.

Burgos - Breeder and vendor: Vilmorin. Similar: Armada, Recas, Rondo. 1989.

Burpee Sweet Spanish Hybrid - Breeder and vendor: W. Atlee Burpee Company, Philadelphia. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, similar to Yellow Sweet Spanish but earlier and stores much longer; large globular onions with great uniformity. Adaptation: long-day areas. Burpee Catalog, 1953.

Burpee Yellow Globe Hybrid - Breeder and vendor: W. Atlee Burpee, Philadelphia. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early, long keeping quality and excellent uniformity. Similar: Brigham Yellow Globe. Adaptation: wide, upland and muck. Burpee Catalog, 1949.

Caballero (PS 10295) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis-Petoseed. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Resistance: Pink root. Similar: Cimmaron. Adaptation: California, New Mexico, Colorado, Chile, Argentina, Spain, Turkey. 1998.

Cache (XPH 3373) - Breeder: S.Hendricks. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: long day yellow Spanish, high yielding, high jumbo percentage of single centered bulbs, fresh market and processor use. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Maya. 1989.

Caesar (FMX320W6) - Breeder: E.Snyder. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: refined jumbo size globe-shaped bulbs with strong brown skins, full-season maturity, Spanish type, stores well. Resistance: tolerance to pink root. 1991.

California Hybrid Red Number 1 - Breeder: California Agric. Expt. Sta., Davis, and USDA. Parentage: Italian Red 13-53 x Lord House Island. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, large plant size, nonglossy, foliage, bulb large, purplish-red, globe, mild, soft. Adaptation: southeastern United States. USDA release 12 Dec. 1943.

Calred - Breeder: USDA, Beltsville, Maryland, and the California Agric. Expt. Sta., Davis. Parentage: Italian Red 13-53 and Lord Howe Island. Adaptation: California Early Red. Characteristics: highly nonbolting deep, deep red, mild flavor, heavy yielding; seed stems highly resistant to downy mildew. Adaptation: central California. United States Department Agric. Release Notice 3 March 1947.

Canada Maple - Breeder and vendor: Stokes. Characteristics: long storing yellow onion for Ontario or Quebec. 1988.

Candy (PSX 3688) - Breeder: A.Burkett. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: hybrid yellow midday, short sturdy tops, can be direct seeded or transplanted, jumbo bulbs, single centers, limited storage. 1993.

Cannonball (XP 15234) - Breeder: Omar Diaz. Vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: full season maturity, excellent quality and yield, tall globe shape with good holding ability; 2-3 days later than Santa Fe. Similar: Vanquero. Adaptation: northwest U.S., South Central California, Colorado. 2001.

Canterbury (XP 796724) - Breeder: David Dean. Vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: yellow globe shaped onion with tightly adhering medium brown scales; can be stored for 4-6 months. Resistance: Fusarium basal rot. Similar: Creamgold. Adaptation: New Zealand, Australia, South Africa. 2000.

Capable (DEXP 2012) - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early yellow globe with long storage. Resistance: unknown. Similar: Elite. Adaptation: northern United States. 1978.

Capri (AX 1497) - Breeder: K.McLellan. Vendor: Aristogenes. Characteristics: high percentage single centers. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Vega. 1992.

Cardinal - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock. Characteristics: overwintering, deep red to purple, flattened globe. Resistance: fusarium, bolting. Similar: Kureni Red. 1989.

Caribou (SSC 0020) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock. Characteristics: overwintering, early maturing, deep yellow globe, large and uniform bulbs. Resistance: bolting. Similar: Buffalo. 1993.

Carmen (Red Fiesta 1013) - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, Red Sweet Spanish, dark-red globe, large and mild. Resistance: unknown. Similar: Southport Red Globe. Adaptation: long-day onion growing areas. 1978.

Celebrity (W 133) - Breeder and vendor: Crookham Co. Parentage: F1 hybrid, (P54-306prr x P-USSprrII) x Cr110C. Characteristics: Yellow Sweet Spanish hybrid for the Idaho and eastern Oregon area and other areas where full Spanish types are grown; bulbs medium to high globe shape; scales yellowish-brown and adhere well through storage; very disease resistant. Resistance: tolerance to Idaho and eastern Oregon strains of pink root. Similar: Utah Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: areas where Yellow Sweet Spanish is grown. 1984.

Celtic (XPH 3801) - Breeder: S.Hendricks. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: full season maturity, excellent storability, good skin color, very uniform, strong root system. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Garrison. 1994.

Centaur (XP6 712) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Resistance: Pink root. Similar: Granex 33. Adaptation: Southwest U.S.

Centrex (EXP 3312) - Vendor: Shamrock. Characteristics: slightly deeper Granex shape, more uniform, fewer doubles than Granex 33. Resistance: bolting, pink root. Similar: Granex 33. 1989.

Centurion - Breeder and vendor: Bejo. Characteristics: round, yellow Stuttgarter type, hybrid storage onion. 1989.

Century (XP 07592000) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: yellow Granex short day type; similar to Pegasus but earlier; high percentage of colossal and jumbo sizes; good storage ability; excellent flavor and low pungency. Resistance: pink root, Fusarium basal rot. Similar: Melody, Sweet Vidalia, Savannah Sweet. Adaptation: Southeast U.S.; Vidalia, Georgia. 2002.

Challenge (RCSX 1291) - Breeder: R.Kreizenbeck. Vendor: Rio Colorado. Characteristics: hybrid, main season, yellow sweet Spanish type. 1988.

Challenger (Hy 119) - Breeder and vendor: Crookham Co. Characteristics: hybrid, light scaled, good keeping, mild Spanish type, good for onion rings. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: Spanish areas. 1968.

Champion - Breeder: USDA New York Agric. Expt. Sta., Ithaca; Iowa Agric. Expt. Sta., Ames; and Idaho Agric. Expt. Sta., Moscow. Parentage: B2146A x B2215C Early Yellow Globe inbred. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, large plant size; nonglossy foliage. Bulb medium size, high globe, pungent, dark yellow scales; late maturity, medium storage. Similar: Early Yellow Globe. Adaptation: where Early Yellow Globe is grown. Elmo Davis, April 1962.

Charismatic (PS 725299) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: yellow Spanish type with dark bronze skin and high single centers; full season; good scale cover; bolting tolerant; for machine harvest. Similar: Torero, Vision. Adaptation: NAFTA. 2005.

Chateau (XPH 15039) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Similar: Norstar. Adaptation: NE U.S. and Eastern Canada.

Cherokee (62-5) - Breeder: Ferry-Morse Seed Company, Mountain View, California. Parentage: B2264A prr x F-M inbred. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, bulbs large, globular, tight skin with dark brown outer shell; somewhat tolerant to pink root. Similar: Apache. Adaptation: long photoperiod areas. Ferry-Morse Seed Company, 2 July 1963.

Cheyenne - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: late maturing, high yielding, yellow sweet Spanish. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Vega. 1991.

Chico - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: high globe, top shaped, yellow. Resistance: pink root. Similar: 1015Y. 1993.

Chieftain - Breeder: USDA, Utah, and Idaho State Expt. Stn. Parentage: U16-3-1A x B 12115-2C. 1963.

Chippewa - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: yellow intermediate, high yielding. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Yula. 1993.

Chula Vista (PSX 6589) - Breeder and vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: short day hybrid, light yellow scales, sweet, main season. Resistance: excellent to pink root. 1994.

Cima (10) - Breeder and vendor: Keystone Seed Co. Characteristics: hybrid, Spanish type with few bolters and flattened bulbs. Similar: Fiesta. Adaptation: Spanish areas. 1970.

Cimmaron (ARCO 7063-4) - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, vigorous, high-yielding, uniform, attractive yellow onion with high frequency of single-centered bulbs; intermediate daylength response; limited storage potential. Resistance: good tolerance of pink root. Similar: New Mexico Grano. Adaptation: Northern Texas, New Mexico, and the San Joaquin Valley of California. 1986.

Cirrus (XP 6798) - Breeder: David Dean. Vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: early white hybrid; bolt resistant, superior white color. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Diamante. Adaptation: south Texas. 2000.

Citadel (XPH 3370) - Breeder: S.Hendricks. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: long day yellow storage, early maturing, tall globe bulb with glossy brown scales, trim neck, good storability. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Taurus. 1989.

Class Pak (231W9) - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Co. Parentage: F1 hybrid, FM inbreds. Characteristics: late-season, long-storage class; bulbs light-medium bronze color, skins tight. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Surecrop. Adaptation: New York, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Ohio and Ontario, Canada. 1985.

Cody - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: yellow intermediate. Similar: Yula. 1992.

Cody (SSC 3359) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed Co., Inc. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: a mid-early, yellow Sweet Spanish hybrid that is widely adapted; produces very firm, full globe shaped bulbs; high percentage of jumbos and colossals; good retention of its medium brown skins; adapted to overhead irrigation and mechanical harvest; excellent bolting tolerance and good PRT and FT; suited for domestic and processing (chopped, diced) markets; storage capacity of 80 days (Intermediate day type). Resistance: Pink root rot. Similar: Viceroy, Viper. Adaptation: intermediate day growing regions. 1998.

Colossol PRR - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated, large, yellow Grano type. Resistance: pink root and bolting. Similar: Early White Supreme. Adaptation: southwestern United States and Mexico. PVP certificate number 7900076. 1980.

Columbia (FMX 220W4) - Breeder: K.McLellan. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: first early hybrid performing well under wide range of conditions, adapted for bulk handling and bulk storage, medium dark bronze skins. Similar: Rocket. Adaptation: wide. 1983.

Comanche - Breeder and vendor: Rispens. Characteristics: adapted to northeastern U.S., yellow storage onion. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Paragon. 1991.

Cometa (SXO 1423) - Breeder: Rick Watson. Vendor: Sunseeds. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: White Spanish hybrid, high globe bulb shape, high yielding, strong, heat tolerant foliage; excellent outer scales. Resistance: pink root and Fusarium. Similar: Blanco Duro. Adaptation: Spanish (Long Day) onion market. 2000.

Contender - Breeder: USDA, Iowa Agric. Expt. Sta., Ames, and Idaho Agric. Expt. Sta., Moscow. Parentage: B2133A x B2215C Early Yellow Globe inbred x Brigham Yellow Globe inbred. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, large plant size; nonglossy foliage; bulbs medium sized, light yellow scales, high globe, pungent; late maturity, medium storage. Similar: Early Yellow Globe. Adaptation: where Early Yellow Globe is grown. Elmo Davis, 16 April 1962.

Contessa (XP 3200) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated, early, uniform, short-day type with large, white, deep-globed bulbs; small root plate. Resistance: tolerance to pink root and bolting. Similar: Early White Supreme. Adaptation: southwestern United States and Mexico. PVP certificate number 8500193. 1986.

Copper Cache - Breeder: K.McLellan, P.Olesen and Associates; Parma, Idaho. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Parentage: closed. Characteristics: early-midseason Hickory type, heavy yielding ability, excellent storability. Resistance: tipburn. Adaptation: Ontario, northeastern U.S. 1969.

Copper Coast [E9279 (4C-117)] - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated, shiny bronze-copper scales, bulbs uniform. Resistance: tolerance to pink root. Similar: Fiesta. Adaptation: to central and coastal California. 1981.

Copper Gem (NK Expt. 2232) - Breeder: Northrup King and Company, Minneapolis. Parentage: NK inbred and B2264 USDA line. Characteristics: hybrid, bulb round; brownish colored skin, fine neck, early. Similar: New Early Hybrid. Northrup King Desc. List. 1961.

Copper King - Breeder and vendor: Stokes. Characteristics: earlier than New York Early, storage onion. Resistance: field tolerance to pink root. 1991.

Copper Lustre (4C-50) - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated, uniform hard-fleshed storage type, bulbs medium size globe with light-yellow to copper scales. Adaptation: central coast of California. 1977.

Copper Mine (E1205) - Breeder: K.McLellan. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: early midseason hybrid, excellent storage quality, good yielding ability, extremely attractive appearance, medium dark bronze skins. Similar: Spartan Banner. 1983.

Copperskin - Breeder and vendor: Joseph Harris Company, Rochester, New York. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, midseason, long keeping, very hard onion; good skin and color; medium yield; uniform size and type. Similar: Downing Yellow Globe. Adaptation: northern United States muck areas. Harris Catalog, 1961.

Copra - Breeder and vendor: Bejo. Characteristics: main season, long day, yellow storage type, very thick skinned, thin necks. 1989.

Corner Stone - Breeder and vendor: Rispens. Characteristics: early, very hard. Similar: Hustler, Northstar. 1993.

Cougar (PS8489) - Breeder: A.Burkett. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: short day, 5 days later than Mercedes, good storage, globe shape. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Mercedes. 1994.

Coyote - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: yellow intermediate. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Cimarron. 1993.

Cree - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: red sweet Spanish, storage type, high yielding. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Red Man. 1991.

Creoso - Breeder and vendor: ARCO/Dessert. Resistance: pink root. 1968.

Criterion (Sunex1476) - Breeder: R.Watson. Vendor: Sunseeds. Characteristics: non glossy foliage, dark brown scales that adhere well, hard flesh, pungent, long storage. Resistance: tolerance to pink root, fusarium basal rot. Similar: Duration. 1995.

Crusader (XPH 3374) - Breeder: S.Hendricks. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: tall, globe shaped, yellow skinned, main season storage onion with excellent size and scale retention. Similar: Spartan Banner 80. 1989.

Crystal Grano - Breeder: USDA. Characteristics: white bulb (recessive trait) selected from field of Early Grano.

Crystal Hybrid (L690A x CC163) - Breeder: USDA and Texas Agric. Expt. Sta., College Station. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, small to medium plant size, semi-glossy foliage; bulbs medium sized, early, white, flat, mild and soft. Similar: Granex. Adaptation: southern United States. Elmo Davis, 17 April 1962.

Crystal Wax (L. 690) - Breeder: USDA, Texas State Expt. Stn. Characteristics: S1 family. 1949.

Crystal Wax Pickling PRR - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated, very flat. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Crystal Wax. Adaptation: long-day pickling onion growing areas. 1983.

Crystal Wax PRR - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated. Resistance: pink root. Similar: L303. Adaptation: short-day areas.

Cuprum (80-395-3) - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, hard-fleshed with excellent storage qualities uniform globe with dark-brown scales that adhere well in storage. Similar: Downing Yellow Globe. Adaptation: northern onion-growing areas. 1982.

Cuzco - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: late maturing, high yielding, yellow sweet Spanish type. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Vega. 1992.

Cyclone (PS 292) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis-Petoseed. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Resistance: Pink root. Similar: Twister. Adaptation: southwest U.S.

Cyclops (XP 6995) - Breeder: David Dean. Vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: early hybrid, Granex bulb shape. Resistance: pink root. Similar: G-33. Adaptation: Georgia. 2000.

D5551 - Breeder and vendor: Joseph Harris Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, hard storage onion, good color. Similar: Downing Yellow Globe. Adaptation: northern United States. 1976.

Dai Maru (Hy 128) - Breeder and vendor: Crookham Co. Characteristics: hybrid, high yielding, large bulb, medium late Spanish type. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: Spanish areas. 1968.

Dakota - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: early maturing, northern, storage type. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Paragon. 1991.

Dakota B-II - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: late maturing, high yielding, yellow sweet Spanish type. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Vega. 1992.

Darius (FMX44W4) - Breeder: E.Snyder. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: high globe shape with dark brown firm skins, refined necks, hard bulb, long storability, 105 day maturity, very good uniformity of bulb size and shape, yielding large and jumbo bulbs. 1992.

Davenport (XP 796999) - Breeder: David Dean. Vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: yellow globed shape, mid-day onion, dark golden scales, adapted for export, can be stored 4-6 months. Resistance: fusarium basal rot. Similar: Kiwi Gold. Adaptation: New Zealand, Australia, South Africa. 2000.

Daytona - Breeder and vendor: Bejo. Characteristics: hybrid yellow storage type, large bulbs. Resistance: tolerance to pink root, fusarium. 1989.

DeLance (SSC 0377) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Resistance: Pink root and Fusarium. Similar: Brown Beauty. Adaptation: intermediate day onions.

Dessex Yellow PRR - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early Yellow Bermuda-type onion. Resistance: pink root. Adaptation: short-day areas. 1963.

Diaga (KFX 999) - Breeder and vendor: K-F Seeds. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early, White Granex type. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Robust. Adaptation: short-day growing areas. 1984.

Diamante (Sunex1517) - Breeder and vendor: Sunseeds. Characteristics: uniform large Grano type white hybrid, earlier and more bolt tolerant than Early Supreme. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Early Supreme. 1995.

Diamond (PSX 91988) - Breeder: R.Engle. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: longer storage than any long day white on market. Similar: White Keeper. 1993.

Dillon - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: overwintering yellow type. Resistance: pink root, bolting. Similar: Dynasty. 1993.

Discovery (RCSX 1327) - Breeder: R.Kreizenbeck. Vendor: Rio Colorado. Characteristics: early season, hybrid, yellow Sweet Spanish type. 1988.

Dixie (SSC 6000) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock. Characteristics: early maturing, short day, bulbs medium sized, tapered, yellow with excellent uniformity. Resistance: pink root, bolting. Similar: Mr. Max. 1992.

Dominator - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: white intermediate. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Midstar. 1993.

Don Victor - Breeder: R.Kreizenbeck. Vendor: Rio Colorado. Characteristics: overwintering type, very good bolting resistance. 1989.

Dorada - Breeder: L.Pike, Texas A and M University. Characteristics: short day yellow onion, round to slightly flattened globe, excellent root system. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Ben Shemen. 1989.

Doral (163-081) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis-Petoseed. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Resistance: Pink root. Similar: Mercedes. Adaptation: Caribbean.

Dragon Eye - Breeder and vendor: Takii. Characteristics: overwintering yellow type. Resistance: tolerance to botrytis, downy mildew, bolting. 1988.

Dulce Grande - Breeder: R.Engle. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: western white colossal shiny white scales, uniform high yielding, 115-120 day maturity. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Blanco Duro, Sterling.

Durango (DEXP 668-2) - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, Yellow Sweet Spanish, high yield, long storage life. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Amigo. Adaptation: Sweet Spanish onion-growing areas. 1978.

Duration (Sunex 1492) - Breeder and vendor: Sunseeds. Characteristics: nonglossy foliage, medium brown scales that adhere well, hard globed, pungent, long storage. Resistance: pink root, fusarium basal rot. Similar: Downing Yellow Globe. 1989.

Dynasty (NI 2110) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock. Characteristics: overwintering type, bulbs fairly round, good scale color, very early. Resistance: very bolt resistant. Similar: Bison. 1989.

Eagle (T-406) - Breeder and vendor: Takii. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Similar: Voliant. Adaptation: long day.

Early Crystal 281 - Breeder: USDA, Beltsville, Maryland, and Texas Agric. Expt. Sta., College Station. Parentage: Crystal Wax and Excel. Characteristics: earliest of the southern white cultivars and has the least tendency to split or bolt. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Eclipse. Adaptation: extreme southern United States. Southern Seedsman, 7 Sept. 1955.

Early Gold - Breeder: Waldo Rohnert Company, Hollister, California. Vendor: S.R.S., Modesto, California. Parentage: a hard Northern inbred x a soft southern inbred. Characteristics: early maturity, tight scale. Similar: Early Harvest. Adaptation: Northern onion areas. Seed Res. Specialists, 1960.

Early Grand PRR - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Grano 502. Adaptation: short-day areas. PVP certificate number 800161. 1981.

Early Harvest - Breeder: USDA. Parentage: B2108A x TEG951C Early Yellow Globe inbred by Texas Early Grano. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, small plant size, semi-glossy foliage; bulb size intermediate, light yellow color, globe, mild, soft; very early maturity. Adaptation: all sections except southern United States. Hybrid Early Harvest, USDA release 1 Dec. 1953.

Early Harvest Number 5 - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Company, Mountain View, California. Parentage: B2108A x F.M. inbred. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, tops vigorous 15 to 17"; medium dark blue-green; bulbs medium small; semi-globe, slightly shallower than round; well rounded shoulders; slight basal taper; color medium amber. Similar: Early Harvest. Adaptation: northeastern and midwestern United States. Ferry-Morse Seed Company, 30 April 1964.

Early King - Breeder and vendor: Rispens. Characteristics: early with size. Similar: Norstar. 1994.

Early Pak (Crk N78) - Breeder and vendor: Crookham Co. Parentage: F1 hybrid, (M1411A x closed B line) x closed pollinator. Characteristics: early maturing, excellent storage quality, uniform globe with dark-brown scales that adhere well during storage. Similar: Downing or Brigham Yellow Globe. Adaptation: areas where Downing and Brigham Yellow Globe are grown. 1978.

Early Premium PRR - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early, flattened globe yellow onion. Resistance: pink root. Adaptation: short-day regions. 1965.

Early Shipper (Hy 139A) - Breeder and vendor: Crookham Co. Characteristics: hybrid, early, firm for mechanical harvest, good storage, Yellow Sweet Spanish type. Adaptation: Spanish areas. 1968.

Early Supreme PRR - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early white type. Resistance: pink root. Adaptation: short-day regions. 1964.

Early White Grano - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Company, Mountain View, California. Characteristics: slow bolting cultivar to replace Crystal Grano; clear-white interior. Similar: Crystal Grano. Adaptation: late fall plantings in California's coastal areas. Ferry-Morse Seed Company, 15 Apr. 1963.

Early Yellow Globe (D56) - Breeder and vendor: Joseph Harris Co. Parentage: selection of early Yellow Globe. Characteristics: open pollinated, early high yields, short storage. Adaptation: wide. 1980.

Ebano (XP 6996) - Breeder: David Dean. Vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: main season Grano hybrid moderately good bolt resistance, pungency below 4.0 pyruvate. Resistance: pink root. Adaptation: Mexico. 2001.

Eclipse - Breeder: USDA, Beltsville, Maryland, and Texas Expt. Sta., College Station. Parentage: Crystal Wax x Excel. Characteristics: very early, highly Resistance: splitting and bolting. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Early Crystal 281. Adaptation: extreme southern United States (California to Florida). Southern Seedsman Sept. 1954.

El Capitan - Breeder: Idaho Branch Expt. Sta., Parma. Parentage: P 52-371A x P54-306B or the reciprocal (P 54-306A x P 52-371B). Characteristics: F1 hybrid, large size, high yield; uniform to slightly flattened globe; absence of bolters, scallions, and doubles; good storage quality; derived entirely from Yellow Sweet Spanish inbreds. Resistance: tolerance to pink root. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: southwestern Idaho, southeastern Oregon, Utah, Colorado. DeLance Franklin, 6 May 1963.

El Charro (AX 1852) - Breeder and vendor: Aristogenes. Characteristics: exceptional vigor, uniformity and yielding ability; good storability. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Sweet Amber. 1992.

El Padre (AX2250) - Breeder: K.McLellan. Vendor: Aristogenes. Characteristics: exceptional vigor and yielding ability, late. Resistance: pink root. 1992.

Elba Globe - Breeder and vendor: Joseph Harris Company, Rochester, New York. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, midseason, long keeping, hard onion; very good skin and color; high yield with uniform maturity and type. Similar: Elite. Adaptation: northern United States, muck areas. Harris Wholesale Catalog, 1961.

Elite - Breeder: USDA Indiana Agric. Expt. Sta., Lafayette; Iowa Agric. Expt. Sta., Ames; and Idaho Agric. Expt. Sta., Moscow. Parentage: B5546A x B2215C Early Yellow Globe inbred x Brigham Yellow Globe inbred. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, large plant size, gray-green foliage; bulb large, yellow, high globe, pungent, firm; late maturity, long storage. Similar: Early Yellow Globe. Adaptation: where Early Yellow Globe is grown. Elmo Davis, 16 April 1962.

Emerald Isle (XP 3619) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: bunching onion, good uniformity, long shanks with good color, erect foliage for rapid drying under humid conditions. Similar: White Knight. 1989.

Empire - Breeder: USDA, New York, and Idaho Expt. Stations. Parentage: B2267A x B2215C. Characteristics: high globe with sloping shoulders; firm flesh, medium yellow scales; long storage. Similar: Brigham Yellow Globe. Adaptation: midwestern and eastern United States. USDA Release 1 March 1959.

Encino (XP6791) - Breeder: R.Jones. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: large Grano type bulb. Resistance: pink root. Similar: TG502. 1995.

Encore - Breeder: USDA, Idaho Agric. Expt. Sta., Moscow, and Iowa Agric. Expt. Sta., Ames. Parentage: B2129A x B2215C Early Yellow Globe inbred x Brigham Yellow Globe inbred. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, large plant size, gray-green foliage; bulbs large, dark yellow, high globe, pungent; late maturity. Similar: Early Yellow Globe. Adaptation: where Early Yellow Globe is grown. Elmo Davis, 16 April 1962.

Endurance (SUNEX1477) - Breeder: R.Watson. Vendor: Sunseeds. Characteristics: nonglossy foliage, medium brown scales that adhere well, hard flesh, pungent, long storage. Resistance: high tolerance to pink root, fusarium basal rot. Similar: Duration. 1995.

Enterprise (Crk N80) - Breeder and vendor: Crookham Co. Parentage: F1 hybrid, (W101A x closed B line) x closed pollinator. Characteristics: midseason storage hybrid, good scale cover and uniform dark brown color. Similar: Downing or Brigham Yellow Globe. Adaptation: areas where Downing and Brigham Yellow Globe are grown. 1978.

Envoy (XPH 3375) - Breeder: S.Hendricks. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: early, uniform shape and size, Spanish type. Resistance: fusarium. Similar: Bulldog Vega.

Epoch - Breeder: USDA, Idaho Agric. Expt. Sta., Moscow, and Iowa Agric. Expt. Sta., Ames. Parentage: B2264A x B2215C Brigham Yellow Globe inbreds. Characteristics: medium size plant, gray-green foliage; bulbs medium size, very dark yellow, high globe, pungent, very firm; late maturity, long storage. Similar: Brigham Yellow Globe. Adaptation: where Brigham Yellow Globe is grown. Elmo Davis, 16 April 1952.

Equanex (PSX 680) - Breeder and vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: hybrid yellow, early maturity, Granex type, bulbs flat, small neck, good uniformity. Resistance: pink root. 1986.

Eskimo - Breeder and vendor: Takii. Characteristics: early maturity, yellow long day type. Resistance: tolerance to botrytis, downy mildew. 1988.

Estrella Blanca (FMX 352W) - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: globe to flattened globe shaped bulb, good skin retention, early maturing white short day cultivar. Resistance: moderate to pink root. Similar: Early Supreme.

Everest - Breeder and vendor: Nick-Zwaan. Characteristics: short day, large top, white, mild flesh. Resistance: bolting. Similar: Diamond-N2. 1988.

Exacta (XP 07906876) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: Sweet Spanish type; intermediate day maturity; tops are glossy and bright green and neck is long and thin; single-centeredness is excellent; storage capability is medium. Resistance: Fusarium basal rot, pink root. Similar: Renegade, Excursion, Candy. Adaptation: NAFTA processing areas, Pacific Northwest U.S. 2004.

Excel (1986) - Breeder: USDA, Texas Agric. Expt. Sta., California Agric. Expt. Sta. Parentage: first generation inbred out of Yellow Bermuda. Characteristics: mild flavor, splits and bolts less than other lines of Yellow Bermuda, early, heavy yielder, stores well for mild onion. Resistance: Pink root. Similar: Yellow Bermuda. Adaptation: extreme southern United States, southern California to Florida. Southern Seedsman, March 1947. 1946.

Excel G (XP 462) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated, Excel or Bermuda 986 bulb type, but larger and with improved storage. Resistance: tolerance to one or more races of pink root. Similar: Excel. Adaptation: short-day onion production areas. 1977.

Excellency - Breeder and vendor: Rispens. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Resistance: Pink root. Similar: Bravo, Seville. Adaptation: western U.S.

Exporter - Breeder: P.Olesen and Associates; Parma, Idaho. Vendor: Stokes Seeds. Parentage: closed. Characteristics: heavy yielding, hard, dark brown, medium size globe. Adaptation: northeastern United States, Canada. 1968.

Exporter 2 - Breeder and vendor: Stokes. 1988.

Express - Breeder and vendor: ARCO/Dessert. Resistance: pink root. 1982.

Express Yellow - Breeder and vendor: Takii. Characteristics: overwintering yellow type. Resistance: tolerance to botrytis, downy mildew, bolting. 1988.

Extra (PSX 53588) - Breeder: R.Engle. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: dark skin, cream color flesh, long day onion medium size, excellent storage, strong scale retention. 1991.

F1M Hybrid Harvest Pak-A - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Company, Mountain View, California. Parentage: F-M inbred x Texas Early Grano inbred. Characteristics: early, slow bolting, stores well. Similar: Texas Early Grano. Adaptation: intermediate, photoperiod areas. F-M list. 1961.

F1M Hybrid Span Pak-A - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Company, Mountain View, California. Parentage: USDA 2108 x F-M inbred. Characteristics: early Sweet Spanish type. Similar: Fiesta. Adaptation: long photoperiod areas. F-M list. 1961.

Fabius (FMX2020) - Breeder: E.Snyder. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: high globe shape with dark brown firm skins, refined necks, the bulb is hard, stores long, very good uniformity of bulb size and shape yielding large and jumbo bulbs. Resistance: tolerance to pink root. 1993.

Fallera (SXO 1550) - Breeder: Roy Kreizenbeck. Vendor: Sunseeds. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: golden brown skin color, large bulb size, flattened globe shape, medium earliness, medium pungency, approximate days to maturity 160-170. Resistance: medium tolerance to Fusarium and fair tolerance to pink root. 2001.

Fargo - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: large yellow, flattened globe. Resistance: pink root. Similar: San Joaquin. 1993.

Fawn Preview - Breeder: K.McLellan, P.Olesen and Associates; Parma, Idaho. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Parentage: closed. Characteristics: early season, Epoch type with heavier yielding ability, excellent storability. Resistance: tipburn. Adaptation: northeastern United States, Ontario. 1969.

Ferrys Early White - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Company Mountain View, California. Parentage: selection from unknown Australian cultivar. Characteristics: short day; half globe to globe. Adaptation: wherever short day onions are used. 1941.

Festival (Explorer 7) - Breeder and vendor: Ferry-Morse Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, more even, slightly better depth of color; necks smaller and more refined than Fiesta. Similar: Fiesta. 1975.

Fiesta - Breeder: USDA, Idaho Agric. Expt. Sta., Moscow, and Iowa Agric. Expt. Sta., Ames. Parentage: B2190A x B12115C Brigham Yellow Globe inbred x Yellow Sweet Spanish inbred. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, large plant size, gray-green foliage; bulbs medium to large, high globe, very firm, copper yellow scales, pungent; late maturity. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Elmo Davis 16 April 1952.

Fiesta 61 - Breeder: USDA and Idaho Agric. Expt. Sta., Moscow. Parentage: B2190A prr x B12115-2 Brigham Yellow Globe x Yellow Sweet Spanish. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, same as Fiesta; large plant size, gray-green foliage; bulbs medium to large, high globe, very firm, copper yellow scales, pungent; late maturity. Resistance: pink root organism in Texas. Notice of release of Yellow Sweet Spanish inbred B12115-2C by USDA, 15 February. 1961.

Fireball - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: hybrid red, intermediate, globe shaped. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. 1992.

First Edition (PSX 20684) - Breeder: R.Engle. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: midseason, globe shaped bulbs, excellent storage, strong scale retention. 1991.

Flagship (XPH 15038) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Similar: Paragon. Adaptation: NE U.S. and Eastern Canada.

Flame (XPH 3272) - Breeder: S.Hendricks. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: medium maturity, long day yellow with brown skinned onion, produces good size with a round shape, thin necked bulb, excellent storage. Similar: Taurus. 1986.

Flamenco (Sunex 1433) - Breeder and vendor: Sunseeds. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Similar: Tango. Adaptation: Long day.

Flare (PS 81892) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis-Petoseed. Parentage: F1 hybrid.

Fortress (XPH 3330) - Breeder: S.Hendricks. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: dark yellow skinned, midseason storage onion with excellent firmness and scale retention. Similar: Taurus. 1989.

Foxy (82N36) - Breeder: W.McDonald. Vendor: Crookham. Characteristics: high yielding hybrid, early maturing, Yellow Sweet Spanish type. Adaptation: mechanical harvest, Idaho-Eastern Oregon region. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Fiesta. 1984.

Franklin (XP6809) - Breeder: David Dean. Vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: open pollinated. Characteristics: yellow hard storage onion, globe shape, golden brown scales, can be stored 4-6 months. Resistance: Fusarium, basal rot. Similar: Cream Gold. Adaptation: New Zealand, Australia, South Africa. 2000.

Frontier (T-400) - Breeder and vendor: Takii. Characteristics: stores well, good uniformity, dark brown skins. Resistance: gray mold, neck rot, soft rot, fusarium basal rot. 1994.

Frosty (CGX/DPS x 2006) - Breeder: Jason Wiederhold. Vendor: Eclipse Industries, Inc. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: uniform, Pearl White bulb. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Blanco Doro. Adaptation: Spanish long day areas. 1999.

Fuego (PSX 81188) - Breeder: R.Engle. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: long day onion, bright red, globe shaped, red and white flesh colors, pungent flavor. 1991.

Fury (XPH 3468) - Breeder: S.Hendricks. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: very uniform bulb with good skin, firm bulbs, main maturity for Spanish storage market. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Fiesta. 1994.

Gala (XP645) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated, grind type, small root plates and very refined necks. Resistance: fusarium basal rot in Wisconsin; tolerance to pink root. Similar: White Grano PRR. Adaptation: wide. 1980.

Galaxy - Breeder: L.Kyle. Vendor: Neuman. Characteristics: flat, globe-shaped, yellow bulbs with resistance to bolting. 1988.

Gambler (XPV 966) - Breeder and vendor: Agway. Parentage: hybrid, (A 14 x A 17.2) x A8.3. Characteristics: late maturity, high yield of firm, globe to deep globe bulbs with excellent storing ability when grown on muck soil. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Spartan Banner. Adaptation: northeastern United States. Agway Vegetable Seed Catalog, 1972.

Garrison (XPH 3367) - Breeder: S.Hendricks. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: early, main crop, yellow storage type with improved size over Sweet Sandwich and Spartan Banner 80. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Sweet Sandwich. 1989.

Gazette (PSX 51587) - Breeder: R.Engle. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: long day, midseason maturity, bright dark brown scale, cream colored flesh. 1991.

Georgia Pride (SSC 6389) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock. Parentage: open pollinated. Similar: Sugar Queen. Adaptation: Georgia.

Gibraltar (224W2) - Breeder: K.McLellan. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: midseason, excellent yielder, excellent appearance, bronze scales. Resistance: fusarium basal rot. Similar: Wisconsin Fusario. 1985.

Glacier (ARCO 6054) - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, bright white outer scales; less prone to greening than Southport White Globe; outstanding storage quality for a white onion. Similar: Blanco Duro. Adaptation: northern onion-growing areas. 1985.

Gladiator - Breeder and vendor: Harris Moran. Characteristics: midseason maturity, blocky globe shape, excellent storage, dark skin color. 1992.

Glory PRR - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated. Resistance: pink root. Adaptation: intermediate onion areas. PVP certificate number 8100128. 1981.

Gold Mine (E1206(X105 SG)) - Breeder: K.McLellan. Vendor: Ferry-Morse. Characteristics: compared with Spartan Banner; has smaller necks, heavier skins, improved depth of color, rounder shape. Resistance: fusarium bottom. Similar: Spartan Banner. 1983.

Gold Rush PRR - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, very early, uniform, yellow onion with little doubling. Adaptation: short-day regions. 1983.

Golden Beauty - Breeder: USDA, Wisconsin Agric. Expt. Sta., Madison, and Idaho, Agric. Expt. Sta., Moscow. Parentage: B2133A x B12132B Early Yellow Globe x Yellow Sweet Spanish inbreds. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, large plant; bulbs firm, pungent, large high globe with well rounded shoulders; color light to medium yellow; late maturity. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: where Sweet Spanish is grown. Onion Hybrid Golden Beauty, USDA release, 2 April 1957.

Golden Cascade (77-923) - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early uniform yellow Sweet Spanish type, high yielding. Resistance: unknown. Similar: Fiesta. Adaptation: Sweet Spanish onion growing areas.

Golden Laker - Breeder and vendor: P.Olesen and Associates; Parma, Idaho. Parentage: (Ia163 x W4B) x B2215. Characteristics: midseason, heavy yielding, medium-dark brown, high globes. Adaptation: northeastern United States. 1968.

Golden Passport - Breeder: K.McLellan. Vendor: P.Olesen and Associates, Parma, Idaho. Parentage: P.O.A. line x W4B. Characteristics: very early, medium-small, hard globes. Resistance: tipburn. Adaptation: Ontario, northeastern United States. 1968.

Golden Security - Breeder and vendor: Rispens. Characteristics: high frequency of single centered bulbs; very uniform; very good in storage; heavy yielding. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Cherokee. 1993.

Golden Spike (XP 07777025) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: late intermediate type, 103 day maturity, dark skin, round bulbs have good size and excellent quality traits. Similar: Renegade. Adaptation: worldwide. 2002.

Golden Treasure (XP Hybrid number 9 or 9A) - Breeder and vendor: Crookham Co. Characteristics: hybrid, midseason, uniform dark brown Spanish type, yields equal to Yellow Sweet Spanish in Idaho, firm, handles well with mechanical equipment, stores well. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: Yellow Sweet Spanish areas. 1970.

Golden Yellow - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, good storage for a short-day onion. Adaptation: short-day region. 1964.

Granada (XP 197) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Parentage: Asgrow line x B12115. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, long-day hybrid of medium to large size; dark yellow color and medium early. Resistance: tolerance to pink root. Similar: Grandee. Adaptation: long-day areas. Asgrow's "Your Crops" Dec. 1967.

Grand Prix - Breeder and vendor: Sunseeds. Characteristics: early maturing hybrid, yellow bulbs, short day Grano type. Resistance: bolting. 1987.

Grande Gold - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: early maturing; high yielding; yellow storage Spanish. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Paragon. 1991.

Grandee - Breeder: Crookham Seed Company. Vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Parentage: USDA inbreds B5546 x B12115. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, high yielding relatively large bulbs. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: onion areas. 1961.

Grandex-O (X1106) - Breeder and vendor: K-F Seeds. Characteristics: Granex type hybrid with greater depth, matures between Granex 33 and Texas Early Grano 502 PRR. Resistance: pink root, bolting. Similar: Texas Early Grano 502. 1983.

Granero (SXO 1428) - Breeder: Rick Watson. Vendor: Sunseeds. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: glossy, heat tolerant foliage, large, hard fleshed blocky globe shaped bulbs; dry outer scales are dark mahogany brown in color. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: Sweet Spanish growing areas. 2000.

Granex 429 (XP 429) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, white flesh, mild flat bulb for short-day areas. Resistance: tolerance to one or more races of pink root. Similar: Granex 33. Adaptation: short-day areas. PVP certificate number 7800064. 1976.

Granex Hybrid - Breeder: USDA and Texas Agric. Expt. Sta., College Station. Parentage: Excel x Texas Early Grano 951C. Similar: Excel. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early, high yielding, very mild; stores well for mild type. Adaptation: deep southern United States, chiefly southern Texas. Southern Seedsman, September 1951. 1952.

Granex Maxim PRR (Hyb Exp 18090) - Breeder and vendor: Moran. Characteristics: scale color darker than regular Granex types, approximately 10 days earlier in maturity, intended for all short day onion growing regions, much deeper in bulb shape than regular Granex, with more refined neck, bulbs mostly large mediums, few jumbos. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Yellow Granex. 1984.

Grano 6835 (XP 07596835) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: very early maturing short day yellow onion; shape is round; average size is small to medium; low percentage of jumbos produced. Similar: Ultra, Grand Prix. Adaptation: Venezuela. 2003.

Green Banner (PS 290011) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis-Petoseed. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Resistance: Pink root. Similar: Southport 404. Adaptation: southwest U.S. and Mexico.

Hamlet (XPH 3724) - Breeder: S.Hendricks. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: early maturity; bulbs globe shaped, very uniform with excellent skin retention during storage. Resistance: bolting. Similar: Citadel. 1993.

Harvestmore (D144351) - Breeder and vendor: Joseph Harris Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, long-season (105 days) hard, yellow, storage onion; medium-size deep globe, good skin and color. Resistance: tolerance to fusarium basal rot. Similar: Spartan Banner. Adaptation: northern United States. 1973.

Havaju - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: early maturing, high yielding, yellow storage Spanish type. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Paragon. 1991.

Hazel (XP-513) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Characteristics: open pollinated, bulbs medium-sized, globe-shaped, pungent and hard. Similar: Australian Brown. Adaptation: wide. 1980.

Henrys Special PRR - Breeder and vendor: ARCO Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, yellow. Resistance: pink root. Adaptation: short-day regions. 1965.

Hi-Ball - Breeder and vendor: Takii. Characteristics: overwintering yellow type. Resistance: tolerance to botrytis, downy mildew, bolting. 1988.

Hickory - Breeder: USDA, Wisconsin Agric. Expt. Sta., Madison, and Iowa Agric. Expt. Sta., Ames. Vendor: Jung Seed Co. Parentage: Iowa 163A x Wisconsin 101B. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, early maturity; bulbs firm, globe shaped, bronze color, good scale retention; long storage. Similar: Epoch, Autumn Spice. Adaptation: Wisconsin. W.H. Gabelman, September 1962.

Hi-Keeper - Breeder and vendor: Takii. Characteristics: overwintering yellow type. Resistance: tolerance to botrytis, downy mildew, bolting. 1988.

Honeycomb (SSC 6372) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: main season maturity; short day type; developed for fresh market; it produces attractive Granex shaped bulbs with low pungency; yields a high percentage of jumbo sized bulbs with straw colored skins; excellent disease tolerance; good bolting tolerance. Resistance: Botrytis Leaf Blight, Purple Blotch. Adaptation: U.S. short day onion production areas. 1998.

Honey Bee (SSC 33076) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock Seed. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: very early maturing short day onion; highly disease tolerant, dark blue-green tops; good yields of bulbs weighing 250-300 grams; bulbs have a flattened-globe shape, very small necks and attractive, yellow to light brown skins; very firm bulbs with extra sweet flavor and medium storage capacity. Resistance: Botrytis Leaf Blight, Stemphyllium Blight, Purple Blotch. Adaptation: U.S. short day onion production areas. 2002.

Hopi - Breeder and vendor: Golden Valley. Characteristics: yellow Spanish type with good storage. Resistance: tolerance to pink root, fusarium, thrips. 1991.

Huron - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: long day yellow; storage. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Paragon. 1993.

Hustler - Breeder and vendor: Harris Moran. Characteristics: early maturity, long day hybrid, globe shape, excellent storage.

Hypak (Hy 3347) - Breeder and vendor: Northup, King and Co. Characteristics: hybrid, straw colored, medium early. Adaptation: long day. 1969.

Iceberg - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: hybrid white, overwintering. Resistance: pink root. 1994.

Igloo - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: hybrid white; overwintering. Resistance: pink root. 1994.

Impact - Breeder and vendor: Harris Moran. Characteristics: early maturity with large blocky bulbs. Similar: Taurus. 1991.

Impala (SSC 1862) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock. Characteristics: large globe with a tan color; intermediate day; very early maturity. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Yuca. 1992.

Imperial 48 - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Company, El Centro, California. Parentage: selection out of early flat onion; a distinct cultivar. Characteristics: earlier than Excel 986, white onion, dark green foliage. Resistance: premature bolting. Adaptation: southwestern United States and Texas area. Dessert Seed Catalog. 1948.

Imperial 49 - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Company, El Centro, California. Parentage: out of Valencia Spanish. Characteristics: a little earlier than regular Spanish. Similar: Yellow Sweet Spanish. Adaptation: areas where Spanish onions are grown. 1949.

Imperial A.M.D. - Breeder and vendor: Dessert Seed Company, El Centro, California. Parentage: out of Imperial 48; a distinct cultivar. Characteristics: semi-Grano shape, Imperial 48 with strong dark green top. 1954.

Inca (XP 644) - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow Seed Co. Characteristics: F1 hybrid, large bulbs for onion ring production. Resistance: tolerance to one or more races of pink root. Similar: Ring King Yellow Sweet Spanish strains. Adaptation: northeastern and northwestern United States, Canada, and northern Europe. 1977.

Inca GV - Breeder and vendor: Golden Valley. Characteristics: yellow Spanish hybrid. 1991.

Indian Queen - Breeder and vendor: Northrup King and Company, Minneapolis. Parentage: selection out of Downing for darker color and keeping quality. Characteristics: uniformity, yield, dark color, and keeping quality. Similar: Trapps Downing. Adaptation: northern tier of the United States. 1955.

Indian Summer - Breeder: Pieters-Wheeler Seed Co. Characteristics: dark skin adhere well; bulb globe shape, medium to large, pungent, small neck; stores well. Similar: Danvers, Autumn Spice, Brown Beauty. Adaptation: northern long-day muck areas. 1965.

Infinity (SXO 1422) - Breeder: Rick Watson. Vendor: Sunseeds. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: northern storage type hybrid that produces very high yields of uniform globe shaped bulbs with bright yellowish-brown scales of medium thickness; firm, pungent flesh. Resistance: pink root, Fusarium. Adaptation: New York, Michigan, Wisconsin, Quebec, Ontario, Washington, Colorado. 2001.

Iowa 44 - Breeder: USDA, Iowa State College, Ames. Vendor: Crookham Co. Parentage: synthetic, by combining by randomization 19 inbred F1 lines. Characteristics: longer storage quality, Brigham type. Similar: Brigham. Adaptation: mid-western United States peat soils. 1948.

Iroquois - Breeder and vendor: Golden Valley. Characteristics: yellow Spanish hybrid. 1991.

Jackpot - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: hybrid, yellow long day. Resistance: pink root. 1994.

Jaguar (PS13489) - Breeder: A.Burkett. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: similar to Cougar, but 3-5 days later; good storage, globe shape, small necks. Similar: Cougar. 1994.

Jetset - Breeder and vendor: Bejo. Characteristics: yellow storage onion for set production. 1989.

Joint Venture (AX 1436) - Breeder: E.Wheeler. Vendor: Aristogenes. Characteristics: long storage; very firm, attractive. Resistance: fusarium. Similar: Taurus. 1992.

Joker - Breeder and vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: same as Flame, but released for Europe.

Jucar (XP 15238) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: long day Spanish onion; mid-late maturity; Recas type; very large bulbs; high yield; dark colored scales; good for ringing; storability is better than Grano Oro. Resistance: Fusarium basal rot. Similar: Daytona. Adaptation: Chile. 2002.

Kachina - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: midseason, high yielding, yellow, sweet Spanish type. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Bravado. 1991.

Keep Well - Breeder and vendor: Takii. Characteristics: overwintering yellow type. Resistance: tolerance to botrytis, downy mildew, bolting. 1988.

Keepsweet (DP-79) - Breeder and vendor: Abbott & Cobb. Characteristics: sweet Spanish type, yellow bulb with good storage. 1979.

K-F284 Early Granex X284 - Breeder and vendor: K-F Seeds. Characteristics: earliness, bolt resistance, seedling vigor, fine neck. Resistance: pink root. Similar: F1 Granex. 1982.

King Brown (XP 796813) - Breeder: David Dean. Vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: brown globe hard storage, mid-day, can be stored 4-6 months, vigorous root system which is good for hot dry conditions. Resistance: fusarium basal rot. Similar: Australian Brown. Adaptation: Australia, New Zealand, South Africa. 2000.

Kingfisher (XP 15120) - Breeder: Omar Diaz. Vendor: Seminis-Asgrow. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: Spanish storage, 117-120 days, high globe shape, medium to dark skin. Resistance: Fusarium, pink root. Similar: Sabroso. Adaptation: Pacific northwest, south central U.S. 2001.

Klondike - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: long day white type. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Snow White. 1993.

Kodiak (1022) - Breeder and vendor: D. Palmer. Characteristics: hybrid, 110-115 day maturity, yellow, long day, hard storage type, bulbs have blocky globe shape and are very large, stores well, dark bronze colored skin. Resistance: exceptional tolerance to pink root, some tolerance to mildew, tipburn and blight. Similar: Valiant, Tesoro. Adaptation: northwestern and western U.S. 1998.

Kyda Nova (RCSL 1221) - Breeder: R.Kreizenbeck. Vendor: Rio Colorado. Characteristics: hybrid, intermediate daylength, round red type, intense red, vigorous. 1987.

L36 - Breeder and vendor: USDA, Beltsville, Maryland, and Texas Agric. Expt. Sta., College Station. Parentage: Yellow Bermuda, White Persian, Excel. Characteristics: very early, makes a very attractive pack. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Excel. Adaptation: southern Texas and the Imperial Valley. Southern Seedsman, October. 1933.

L365 - Breeder: USDA, Beltsville, Maryland, and Texas Agric. Expt. Sta., College Station. Parentage: (Crystal Wax x Excel) Excel. Characteristics: good yielder, attractive white color. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Crystal Wax. Adaptation: southern Texas. Southern Seedsman, October. 1953.

L690 - Breeder: USDA and Texas Agric. Expt. Sta. Parentage: involves Yellow Bermuda, Crystal Wax, White Persian. Characteristics: early maturing, mild, bolts and splits less than Crystal Wax. Similar: Crystal Wax. Adaptation: extreme southern United States, southern California to Florida. Southern Seedsman. October, 1951. 1950.

Laguna - Breeder and vendor: Golden Valley. Characteristics: yellow Spanish hybrid. 1991.

Lakota - Breeder and vendor: Rispens. Characteristics: heavy yielding; very good storage. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Duration. 1993.

Landmark (XPH 3723) - Breeder: S.Hendricks. Vendor: Asgrow. Characteristics: midseason maturity; long storage capability with improved packouts; very uniform bulbs. Resistance: moderate to pink root, fusarium. Similar: Brown Beauty. 1992.

Laramie - Breeder and vendor: Dakota. Characteristics: long day, yellow bulb, Spanish type. Resistance: pink root, fusarium. Similar: Ole. 1993.

Latin Lover (PS 10195) - Breeder: Seminis Vegetable Seeds. Vendor: W. Atlee Burpee Co. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: early maturity; mid day type; large yellow bulb, earlier than Sweet and Early. Adaptation: U.S. 2001.

Legacy (Sunex 1497) - Breeder: R.Watson. Vendor: Sunseeds. Characteristics: nonglossy foliage; reddish brown scales that adhere well; hard fleshed; pungent; long storage. Resistance: high to pink root, fusarium basal rot. Similar: Paragon. 1991.

Leona (XP 07595003) - Breeder and vendor: Seminis Vegetable Seeds. Parentage: F1 hybrid. Characteristics: very early maturing with high bolting tolerance; large, globe shaped bulbs; thin, medium-dark bulb scales; glossy foliage; thin necks; firm bulbs that ship well; for planting in mid to late fall in latitudes between 25 and 35°; also for late short day type at lower latitudes. Resistance: pink root. Similar: Cimarron. Adaptation: NAFTA - Texas, New Mexico, northern California. 2005.

Liberty (AX 1442) - Breeder: E.Wheeler. Vendor: Aristogenes. Characteristics: early maturing; heavy yielder of high quality, uniform bulbs with excellent storability. Resistance: pink root, bolting. Similar: Paragon. 1994.

Linda Vista (PSX 8589) - Breeder: A.Burkett. Vendor: Petoseed. Characteristics: short day hybrid, light yellow scales, sweet, jumbo and colossal bulbs, 7 days later than Chula Vista. Resistance: excellent tolerance to pink root. 1994.

Lord Howe Island - Characteristics: introduced from Australia.

Los Animos Sweet Spanish - Breeder and vendor: Northrup King and Company. Parentage: Sweet Spanish. Characteristics: bulbs are larger, more uniform and better keeping than Utah strain. Similar: Utah Strain. NK and Company descriptive list. 1950.

Lumina (SSC 9928) - Breeder and vendor: Shamrock. Characteristics: short day, early maturing, white globe with excellent uniformity. Resistance: pink root, bolting. Similar: Early White Supreme. 1992.